農(nong)(nong)業(ye)部農(nong)(nong)村經濟體制與經營管理司(si)負責人張紅宇日前撰文，就“實施鄉村振(zhen)興戰略”，“構建現代(dai)(dai)(dai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)產業(ye)體系、生產體系、經營體系”，使(shi)之形成有機整體，共同(tong)構成現代(dai)(dai)(dai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)的體系支撐(cheng)，促進農(nong)(nong)業(ye)農(nong)(nong)村現代(dai)(dai)(dai)化加快(kuai)發展，展開研討。

張(zhang)紅(hong)宇(yu)指(zhi)出(chu)，構建(jian)(jian)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)體系，核心(xin)(xin)是(shi)延(yan)伸拓展(zhan)傳統農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)功能(neng)邊界，實(shi)現(xian)(xian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)競爭力提升；構建(jian)(jian)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)體系，核心(xin)(xin)是(shi)優化農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品供給(gei)結構，實(shi)現(xian)(xian)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)與資源投入、市場需求(qiu)的(de)縱(zong)向貫通(tong)；構建(jian)(jian)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)(jing)營體系，核心(xin)(xin)是(shi)發揮(hui)好新(xin)型農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)(jing)營主體的(de)引領作用，實(shi)現(xian)(xian)小農(nong)(nong)戶和(he)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)有(you)機銜接。并(bing)強調，要(yao)著(zhu)眼于培(pei)育農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)村發展(zhan)新(xin)動能(neng)，把握(wo)現(xian)(xian)階段農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)(jing)營規模不斷擴張(zhang)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)深(shen)度融合、新(xin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態新(xin)模式蓬(peng)勃興起的(de)時(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)特(te)征，進一(yi)步(bu)夯實(shi)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)體系保障，促進農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)村現(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)化加快(kuai)發展(zhan)。

向世界展現農業產業中國模式

“大力發(fa)展”互聯網+“農(nong)業(ye)(ye)、智(zhi)慧農(nong)業(ye)(ye)、創意農(nong)業(ye)(ye)等新產業(ye)(ye)新業(ye)(ye)態(tai)(tai)，使農(nong)業(ye)(ye)成為大眾創業(ye)(ye)、萬眾創新的藍海。”張紅宇指出(chu)，改(gai)革開放以來的近40年，我(wo)國農(nong)業(ye)(ye)在要(yao)素配置、生產方(fang)式(shi)、產業(ye)(ye)形態(tai)(tai)、功能(neng)作用等方(fang)面發(fa)生了(le)重大變(bian)化，正由平面向(xiang)立體(ti)、物質(zhi)向(xiang)非(fei)物質(zhi)、有形向(xiang)無(wu)形、有界向(xiang)無(wu)界拓展，生成出(chu)若(ruo)干生產環節和(he)多產業(ye)(ye)衍生形態(tai)(tai)，向(xiang)世(shi)界展現出(chu)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)產業(ye)(ye)興(xing)旺(wang)的中國范例和(he)中國模式(shi)。

張紅(hong)宇(yu)認(ren)為，現代(dai)(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)體(ti)系(xi)注重通過金融(rong)(rong)資本(ben)、科學(xue)技術、組織管理等現代(dai)(dai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)要(yao)(yao)素的(de)集約投(tou)入和深度開(kai)發形成(cheng)(cheng)新的(de)要(yao)(yao)素組合方式，促(cu)進全要(yao)(yao)素生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)率和農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)綜(zong)合素質穩(wen)步提升。當前要(yao)(yao)瞄準拓(tuo)展農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)發展空間(jian)格局，努力做強一(yi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、做優(you)二產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、做活三(san)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)，推(tui)動農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)由平面(mian)拓(tuo)展向空間(jian)立(li)體(ti)擴張，形成(cheng)(cheng)資源(yuan)有效利用、功能充分發揮、競爭(zheng)力明顯增強的(de)現代(dai)(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)體(ti)系(xi)。要(yao)(yao)在確保基本(ben)農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)供(gong)給的(de)同時，加快拓(tuo)展農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境保護、觀光旅(lv)游休閑、健康養生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、文(wen)化傳承等非(fei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)功能，促(cu)進農(nong)(nong)(nong)村三(san)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)融(rong)(rong)合發展。

綠色發展實現城鄉居民對美好生活的向往

“要(yao)完善生(sheng)態鏈，推(tui)進(jin)農(nong)業(ye)綠色(se)發展(zhan)，推(tui)廣農(nong)業(ye)清潔(jie)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)和(he)節水(shui)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)，集中治理(li)農(nong)業(ye)面源(yuan)(yuan)污染等環(huan)境突出(chu)問(wen)題(ti)，實現農(nong)業(ye)可持續(xu)發展(zhan)。”張(zhang)紅宇認為，當前要(yao)圍繞農(nong)業(ye)供(gong)給側結構(gou)性改革，不斷增強中高(gao)端農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)供(gong)給能(neng)力(li)。延長產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)鏈，加快(kuai)構(gou)建產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)優(you)良、適銷對(dui)路、布局合理(li)、高(gao)效集約的現代農(nong)業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)體系，實現城鄉居民(min)對(dui)美好生(sheng)活的向往。保障供(gong)應鏈，在資源(yuan)(yuan)匱乏、生(sheng)態脆弱、環(huan)境污染嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)地(di)區(qu)(qu)，加快(kuai)開展(zhan)退耕休耕輪作，減少低效產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)、有(you)害產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)、過(guo)剩(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)。重(zhong)(zhong)點建設(she)糧食生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)功能(neng)區(qu)(qu)、重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)保護區(qu)(qu)、特色(se)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)優(you)勢區(qu)(qu)，形成水(shui)土資源(yuan)(yuan)、環(huan)境承載和(he)農(nong)業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)協(xie)調配合的空間格局。要(yao)提(ti)升價值(zhi)鏈，提(ti)高(gao)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量和(he)效益，按照(zhao)“穩糧、優(you)經(jing)、擴飼”的要(yao)求統(tong)籌調整農(nong)業(ye)種植結構(gou)，加快(kuai)構(gou)建糧經(jing)飼協(xie)調發展(zhan)的三元結構(gou)。推(tui)進(jin)農(nong)業(ye)標準(zhun)化(hua)、品(pin)牌化(hua)、綠色(se)化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)，提(ti)高(gao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)增值(zhi)效益。

著力增強新型經營主體在脫貧攻堅的引領作用

“鼓(gu)勵通過訂(ding)單合(he)同、合(he)作(zuo)制、股份(fen)制、產業(ye)聯合(he)體(ti)(ti)等多種(zhong)形式的利益聯結(jie)和組織化方(fang)式，促進新(xin)型經營(ying)主體(ti)(ti)和普(pu)通農戶共享收益。”張紅宇(yu)強調，順應發展趨勢，秉承開放理念，積極培養(yang)造就各類新(xin)型農業(ye)經營(ying)主體(ti)(ti)，加快構建以農戶家庭經營(ying)為(wei)基礎、合(he)作(zuo)與聯合(he)為(wei)紐帶(dai)、社會化服務為(wei)支撐的立體(ti)(ti)式復合(he)型現代農業(ye)經營(ying)體(ti)(ti)系。

張紅(hong)宇認(ren)為，“要把培育新(xin)型農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)經營(ying)主體(ti)(ti)作(zuo)為實(shi)施(shi)鄉村振興(xing)戰略的(de)(de)一項重大(da)舉措，加快構建框架完(wan)整、措施(shi)精準、機制(zhi)有效的(de)(de)政策支持(chi)體(ti)(ti)系，進一步提(ti)升農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)質(zhi)量(liang)效益(yi)和(he)競(jing)爭力，促進中國農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)強勢發展(zhan)。”并指出，在(zai)工業(ye)(ye)化、城(cheng)鎮化持(chi)續推進的(de)(de)背景下，農(nong)(nong)(nong)村人口轉移(yi)和(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)勞動(dong)力轉移(yi)是基本(ben)規律(lv)和(he)趨勢，數以億計(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)普通(tong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)不斷減少，數以百萬計(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)新(xin)型主體(ti)(ti)必然產生。加快培育家庭農(nong)(nong)(nong)場、農(nong)(nong)(nong)民合作(zuo)社、農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)產業(ye)(ye)化龍頭企業(ye)(ye)等新(xin)型經營(ying)主體(ti)(ti)，通(tong)過(guo)土地流轉、股份合作(zuo)、生產托管(guan)等多(duo)種(zhong)形式實(shi)現(xian)(xian)適度規模經營(ying)，著力增(zeng)強新(xin)型經營(ying)主體(ti)(ti)在(zai)脫貧攻堅和(he)帶動(dong)普通(tong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)增(zeng)收方(fang)面的(de)(de)引(yin)領作(zuo)用(yong)。引(yin)導(dao)返鄉農(nong)(nong)(nong)民工、大(da)學生、城(cheng)鎮居民、工商企業(ye)(ye)等從(cong)事農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)生產經營(ying)，將現(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)急(ji)需的(de)(de)新(xin)理念新(xin)技術引(yin)入農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村。加快發展(zhan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)生產性服務業(ye)(ye)，通(tong)過(guo)在(zai)產前、產中、產后(hou)各環(huan)節提(ti)供專業(ye)(ye)化規模化服務，帶動(dong)普通(tong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)走上現(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)軌道。