1、習近(jin)平總書記(ji)在(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)央農(nong)村工作會(hui)議上強調，走中(zhong)(zhong)國特(te)色社會(hui)主義鄉(xiang)村振興道路，必(bi)須深化農(nong)業(ye)供給側(ce)結構性改革，積(ji)極培育新型農(nong)業(ye)經營主體(ti)，促(cu)進小農(nong)戶和(he)現代農(nong)業(ye)發展有機銜接。

2、決勝(sheng)全面建成小(xiao)康社會、奪(duo)取新時(shi)代(dai)(dai)中(zhong)國特色社會主(zhu)義偉大勝(sheng)利、實現(xian)中(zhong)華(hua)民(min)(min)族(zu)偉大復興的(de)(de)中(zhong)國夢，最大的(de)(de)短(duan)板還(huan)在農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)，最大的(de)(de)短(duan)腿還(huan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業，最突出的(de)(de)問題還(huan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)特別是(shi)(shi)(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)貧困(kun)人口。加(jia)快推進農(nong)(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)，補齊小(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶這(zhe)一占據農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)大多(duo)數群(qun)體的(de)(de)發展(zhan)短(duan)板，既是(shi)(shi)(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)的(de)(de)期盼，也是(shi)(shi)(shi)我(wo)國社會主(zhu)義現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)發展(zhan)全局的(de)(de)需要(yao)。

3、小農(nong)戶占農(nong)民群(qun)體的(de)大(da)多數(shu)，實現好小農(nong)戶的(de)發展和福祉，讓廣大(da)農(nong)民有獲得感(gan)、幸福感(gan)、安(an)全感(gan)，關乎黨執政群(qun)眾基礎的(de)鞏固。

4、全面建成小(xiao)康社會，最艱巨(ju)最繁(fan)重的任務(wu)在農(nong)村特別是(shi)在深(shen)度(du)貧(pin)困地區。農(nong)村貧(pin)困群眾大多是(shi)小(xiao)農(nong)戶，大多生(sheng)產方式(shi)落后。實現小(xiao)農(nong)戶和現代農(nong)業發展有機(ji)銜接，就是(shi)要增強他們(men)的內生(sheng)發展動力，變(bian)“輸血”式(shi)扶(fu)貧(pin)為“造血”式(shi)扶(fu)貧(pin)，為打贏精準脫貧(pin)攻堅(jian)戰(zhan)作出(chu)積(ji)極(ji)貢(gong)獻。

5、執行好(hao)(hao)土地承(cheng)包期再(zai)延長(chang)30年的政(zheng)策，當前要重點抓好(hao)(hao)承(cheng)包地確權登記頒證工作(zuo)，探索“三權分置”多種(zhong)實現形式(shi)，推進集體經營(ying)性資(zi)產(chan)股份合作(zuo)制改革(ge)，實現“資(zi)源變資(zi)產(chan)、資(zi)金變股金、農(nong)(nong)民(min)變股東(dong)”，讓(rang)小農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)更多地分享產(chan)權制度改革(ge)紅利，讓(rang)農(nong)(nong)民(min)成(cheng)為改革(ge)的參與者、受益者。

黨的(de)(de)(de)(de)十九大作出(chu)實(shi)施(shi)鄉(xiang)村(cun)振興戰略(lve)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)大部署，明確提(ti)出(chu)要(yao)加快推(tui)進農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)現代(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，實(shi)現小農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶和(he)現代(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)有(you)機銜(xian)接。習(xi)近(jin)平總(zong)書(shu)記在(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)工作會議上強調，走中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)特(te)色社會主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)鄉(xiang)村(cun)振興道路，必須(xu)深化(hua)(hua)(hua)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)供給側(ce)結(jie)構(gou)性改革，積極培(pei)育新型農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經營主(zhu)體，促進小農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶和(he)現代(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)有(you)機銜(xian)接。這些要(yao)求，體現了以習(xi)近(jin)平同志為核心(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)黨中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)對(dui)我國(guo)國(guo)情農(nong)(nong)(nong)情和(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)現代(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)建設規(gui)律的(de)(de)(de)(de)深刻把(ba)握(wo)，以及(ji)對(dui)小農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)高度重(zhong)視和(he)關心(xin)。把(ba)小農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶生產引入現代(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)軌道，既(ji)是重(zhong)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)理論(lun)創(chuang)新，也是務實(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)踐要(yao)求，對(dui)于推(tui)進農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)優先(xian)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，使(shi)小農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶在(zai)共(gong)建共(gong)享(xiang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)更多獲得感，具有(you)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)指導意(yi)義(yi)(yi)。我們(men)要(yao)認真(zhen)貫徹落實(shi)黨的(de)(de)(de)(de)十九大精神和(he)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)工作會議精神，堅持(chi)以人民(min)為中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)思想，遵循現代(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)規(gui)律，尊重(zhong)小農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)生產的(de)(de)(de)(de)現實(shi)需要(yao)，大力(li)推(tui)進體制機制創(chuang)新，實(shi)現農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)綜合(he)效益和(he)競爭力(li)共(gong)同提(ti)升，使(shi)億萬小農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶共(gong)享(xiang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)現代(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)成果(guo)。

一、深刻(ke)認識實現(xian)(xian)小農(nong)戶和(he)現(xian)(xian)代農(nong)業發展有機銜(xian)接的重大意義

決勝全(quan)面建成(cheng)小(xiao)康社(she)會(hui)、奪取新時代(dai)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)特色(se)社(she)會(hui)主義(yi)偉大(da)(da)勝利、實(shi)現中(zhong)華民(min)(min)族偉大(da)(da)復興的中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)夢，最大(da)(da)的短板(ban)還(huan)在農(nong)(nong)村，最大(da)(da)的短腿還(huan)是(shi)(shi)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)，最突出(chu)的問(wen)題還(huan)是(shi)(shi)農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)特別是(shi)(shi)農(nong)(nong)村貧困(kun)人口(kou)。加快推進農(nong)(nong)業(ye)農(nong)(nong)村現代(dai)化，補齊小(xiao)農(nong)(nong)戶這一占據農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)大(da)(da)多數群體的發(fa)展(zhan)短板(ban)，既是(shi)(shi)農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)的期盼，也是(shi)(shi)我國(guo)(guo)社(she)會(hui)主義(yi)現代(dai)化發(fa)展(zhan)全(quan)局的需要。

貫徹(che)新發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)理(li)念的深(shen)刻(ke)體(ti)現。在新發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)理(li)念中(zhong)，創新、協調、綠色、開放主(zhu)要(yao)強調如何發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)、如何把(ba)“蛋糕”做大的問題，具有方(fang)法論意義；共(gong)享(xiang)則主(zhu)要(yao)強調為誰發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)、如何把(ba)“蛋糕”分好的問題，具有價值論意義。改革開放以來，我國經濟社會(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的“蛋糕”不(bu)斷(duan)做大，但城鄉(xiang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)不(bu)平(ping)衡、農(nong)村(cun)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)不(bu)充分問題依然突出(chu)，農(nong)民尤其(qi)是小(xiao)農(nong)戶(hu)的收(shou)入(ru)與城鎮(zhen)居民差距較(jiao)大，享(xiang)受現代化發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)成(cheng)果的水平(ping)偏低。因此，必須(xu)從增強小(xiao)農(nong)戶(hu)的發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)能(neng)(neng)力、提升小(xiao)農(nong)戶(hu)的獲得感著眼，增強農(nong)業農(nong)村(cun)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)動能(neng)(neng)，建立健全利益(yi)分享(xiang)機制，使農(nong)民群眾共(gong)享(xiang)改革發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)成(cheng)果。

鞏固黨的(de)(de)(de)執政基(ji)礎(chu)的(de)(de)(de)迫切需(xu)要(yao)(yao)。我們(men)黨成(cheng)立(li)90多年來，從革(ge)命時期(qi)領導農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)群眾(zhong)打土(tu)豪、分田地，到新中國(guo)成(cheng)立(li)后(hou)實施(shi)土(tu)地改(gai)革(ge)，再到改(gai)革(ge)開(kai)放(fang)后(hou)實行家庭承包經營，各個時期(qi)都能(neng)較好處理(li)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)問題、保護(hu)好農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)利益(yi)(yi)，因而得到了農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)的(de)(de)(de)擁護(hu)和(he)支持，農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)始(shi)終是我們(men)黨執政的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)群眾(zhong)基(ji)礎(chu)。小(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)占(zhan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)群體的(de)(de)(de)大(da)多數，實現好小(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展和(he)福(fu)(fu)祉，讓(rang)廣大(da)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)有獲(huo)得感、幸福(fu)(fu)感、安全感，關乎黨執政群眾(zhong)基(ji)礎(chu)的(de)(de)(de)鞏固。因此，必須(xu)始(shi)終堅持把小(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)利益(yi)(yi)實現好、維(wei)護(hu)好、發(fa)展好，千(qian)方百(bai)計讓(rang)小(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)過上好日子。

決勝(sheng)全(quan)面建成(cheng)小(xiao)(xiao)康(kang)社會的客觀要(yao)求。當前，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業依然(ran)(ran)是(shi)(shi)(shi)“四化同步(bu)”的短腿，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)依然(ran)(ran)是(shi)(shi)(shi)全(quan)面小(xiao)(xiao)康(kang)的短板，而(er)小(xiao)(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)又是(shi)(shi)(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)現(xian)代化發(fa)展不(bu)充分的集中體現(xian)。一(yi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面，小(xiao)(xiao)規模的兼業農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)占大(da)多數且長期存在(zai)，仍(reng)將(jiang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)我國農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業生(sheng)產(chan)經營的主(zhu)要(yao)組織形(xing)式(shi)(shi)。小(xiao)(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)生(sheng)產(chan)在(zai)傳(chuan)承農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)耕文明、解決就業增收、促進社會和諧(xie)有序等方(fang)(fang)(fang)面都有不(bu)可替代作(zuo)用(yong)。另一(yi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面，全(quan)面建成(cheng)小(xiao)(xiao)康(kang)社會，最(zui)艱(jian)巨最(zui)繁(fan)重(zhong)的任務(wu)在(zai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)特別是(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)深度貧(pin)困地區。農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)貧(pin)困群(qun)眾(zhong)大(da)多是(shi)(shi)(shi)小(xiao)(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)，大(da)多生(sheng)產(chan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)落后(hou)。實現(xian)小(xiao)(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)和現(xian)代農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業發(fa)展有機銜(xian)接，就是(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)增強他們的內生(sheng)發(fa)展動力，變(bian)“輸血”式(shi)(shi)扶(fu)貧(pin)為“造血”式(shi)(shi)扶(fu)貧(pin)，為打贏精(jing)準脫貧(pin)攻(gong)堅戰作(zuo)出積極貢獻(xian)。

建設中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)特色農(nong)(nong)(nong)業現代(dai)化(hua)(hua)的(de)必然選擇。農(nong)(nong)(nong)業現代(dai)化(hua)(hua)不(bu)僅(jin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)產業現代(dai)化(hua)(hua)，也是(shi)(shi)(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民現代(dai)化(hua)(hua)。小(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)大量且長期(qi)存在，既是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)的(de)國(guo)(guo)情，也是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)與一般農(nong)(nong)(nong)業發(fa)(fa)(fa)達(da)國(guo)(guo)家不(bu)同的(de)地方(fang)。可以說(shuo)，沒(mei)有小(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)的(de)現代(dai)化(hua)(hua)就(jiu)不(bu)可能有中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業現代(dai)化(hua)(hua)。要實(shi)現農(nong)(nong)(nong)業和農(nong)(nong)(nong)民兩道(dao)(dao)難(nan)題一起(qi)解(jie)，只有將小(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)納入(ru)現代(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業發(fa)(fa)(fa)展的(de)軌道(dao)(dao)上來，不(bu)斷提升小(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)整合資(zi)源要素、發(fa)(fa)(fa)展現代(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業的(de)能力，才能實(shi)現農(nong)(nong)(nong)民增收和產業發(fa)(fa)(fa)展齊頭并進，推進農(nong)(nong)(nong)業現代(dai)化(hua)(hua)。

二、深(shen)刻認識當前小農戶和現(xian)代農業發展有機銜(xian)接面臨的突出問題

目前，我(wo)國仍有(you)2.6億(yi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶、6億(yi)多(duo)人生活在(zai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)，其(qi)中2.3億(yi)戶是承包農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶。如何實現小農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶和現代農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)展有(you)機(ji)銜(xian)接、使他們(men)(men)共享改革發(fa)(fa)展成果，不僅關系(xi)到他們(men)(men)生活狀況的(de)改善，也關系(xi)到農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)的(de)發(fa)(fa)展，更(geng)關系(xi)到全面(mian)建成小康社會的(de)質(zhi)量。

在工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)、城(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)化(hua)(hua)深入(ru)(ru)推進(jin)過程中，小(xiao)(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶面臨發(fa)展(zhan)權利不(bu)(bu)充分(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)問題。改(gai)(gai)革開放以來(lai)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)進(jin)步為改(gai)(gai)善農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)物質裝備條件提供(gong)了(le)重要(yao)支撐；城(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)化(hua)(hua)發(fa)展(zhan)為農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民轉移就業(ye)(ye)提供(gong)了(le)廣闊舞臺(tai)，2.8億農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)進(jin)城(cheng)打工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)性收入(ru)(ru)已(yi)成(cheng)為農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民增收的(de)(de)重要(yao)渠道(dao)。但也(ye)要(yao)看(kan)到(dao)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)不(bu)(bu)平(ping)衡、城(cheng)鄉不(bu)(bu)協(xie)調等(deng)(deng)問題仍未得到(dao)根本(ben)解(jie)決，小(xiao)(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶面臨發(fa)展(zhan)權利不(bu)(bu)充分(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)問題。從(cong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)要(yao)素使用看(kan)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村土(tu)地(di)、資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)、高素質勞動力(li)等(deng)(deng)優質資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)大量流向(xiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)和城(cheng)市，導致(zhi)小(xiao)(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶發(fa)展(zhan)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)缺錢、缺人。從(cong)利益分(fen)(fen)享來(lai)看(kan)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村土(tu)地(di)還(huan)不(bu)(bu)能與(yu)國有土(tu)地(di)同等(deng)(deng)入(ru)(ru)市、同權同價(jia)，大量小(xiao)(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶難以享受(shou)充分(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)金(jin)融信貸保險(xian)服務。從(cong)公(gong)共服務看(kan)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村公(gong)共服務體系盡(jin)管從(cong)無(wu)到(dao)有，但農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民還(huan)不(bu)(bu)能享受(shou)與(yu)城(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)居民同樣(yang)水平(ping)的(de)(de)教育(yu)、醫(yi)療、文化(hua)(hua)等(deng)(deng)公(gong)共服務。

在農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)新(xin)(xin)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)新(xin)(xin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)態加快發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)進(jin)程中，小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)面臨(lin)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)機會不(bu)充分的(de)(de)(de)問題。當前，隨著(zhu)“大(da)眾(zhong)(zhong)創業(ye)(ye)(ye)、萬眾(zhong)(zhong)創新(xin)(xin)”深(shen)入(ru)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)新(xin)(xin)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)新(xin)(xin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)態蓬勃(bo)興起(qi)，為農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)注入(ru)了新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)活力(li)、帶來了新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)機會，但小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)面臨(lin)相對被(bei)動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)局面。發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)休閑農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、鄉村(cun)旅游、農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品加工(gong)物流、電子商務等新(xin)(xin)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)新(xin)(xin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)態，需(xu)要有(you)先(xian)進(jin)的(de)(de)(de)經營理念、一定的(de)(de)(de)資(zi)金(jin)投入(ru)、專業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)營銷能力(li)，而(er)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)運用現代生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)技術、信(xin)息手段、金(jin)融服(fu)務的(de)(de)(de)先(xian)天能力(li)不(bu)強，在市(shi)場競(jing)爭中難(nan)以把(ba)握發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)機會。從各地(di)(di)情況(kuang)看，新(xin)(xin)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)新(xin)(xin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)態很(hen)多都(dou)由工(gong)商資(zi)本主導，有(you)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)商資(zi)本與農(nong)(nong)(nong)民也只是簡單(dan)的(de)(de)(de)勞動(dong)(dong)雇傭關系和資(zi)產(chan)(chan)租賃(lin)、產(chan)(chan)品買賣關系，對小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)了擠出效應，極(ji)大(da)地(di)(di)限制了小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)機會。

在(zai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)一(yi)二三(san)產(chan)業(ye)融合(he)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)過程中，小農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶面(mian)臨(lin)分(fen)享(xiang)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)成果不(bu)充分(fen)的(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)。隨著現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)產(chan)業(ye)體系逐步(bu)形(xing)成，種養大戶、家(jia)庭農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民合(he)作社、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)企業(ye)等(deng)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)經營主體蓬勃(bo)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，已(yi)成為(wei)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)引領力量。但一(yi)些(xie)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)經營主體、特別(bie)(bie)是工(gong)商資本(ben)下鄉(xiang)更多地關心經營效(xiao)益(yi)，不(bu)夠注重帶(dai)動農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，使得小農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶難(nan)以有(you)效(xiao)分(fen)享(xiang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)化的(de)(de)(de)成果。發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品加工(gong)業(ye)、休閑農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)和鄉(xiang)村(cun)旅(lv)游，應當鼓勵資本(ben)下鄉(xiang)，但一(yi)些(xie)地方(fang)“資本(ben)下鄉(xiang)卻代(dai)替了(le)老(lao)鄉(xiang)，沒(mei)有(you)帶(dai)動老(lao)鄉(xiang)”，“農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)家(jia)樂(le)光讓(rang)老(lao)板樂(le)了(le)，沒(mei)有(you)讓(rang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民樂(le)”；有(you)的(de)(de)(de)地方(fang)甚至出現(xian)(xian)(xian)了(le)老(lao)板圈地蓋房、坐地收錢(qian)，“富了(le)老(lao)板，虧了(le)老(lao)鄉(xiang)”的(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)(xian)象；還有(you)個別(bie)(bie)地方(fang)在(zai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)園(yuan)(yuan)區建設中甚至脫離(li)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)，異化為(wei)工(gong)業(ye)園(yuan)(yuan)，成為(wei)“穿農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)馬(ma)甲的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)業(ye)項目(mu)”。

三、堅定不移(yi)實(shi)施(shi)鄉村振興(xing)戰略，實(shi)現小農戶和現代農業(ye)發展有機銜(xian)接

實施鄉村(cun)(cun)振興戰略是新時代我(wo)國“三(san)農(nong)”工作的總(zong)抓手，是讓廣大農(nong)民(min)平等參(can)與、共同(tong)分(fen)享改革發(fa)展成(cheng)果的有效路徑。我(wo)們要(yao)緊緊抓住(zhu)這(zhe)個有利契機(ji)，綜合施策、多措并(bing)舉，在(zai)工農(nong)內外、城(cheng)鄉兩頭用(yong)力，強化(hua)制度供給，統(tong)籌(chou)推進農(nong)村(cun)(cun)經濟(ji)建設、政治建設、文化(hua)建設、社會建設、生態文明建設，加快農(nong)業農(nong)村(cun)(cun)現代化(hua)步(bu)伐，實現農(nong)業發(fa)展、農(nong)村(cun)(cun)繁榮、農(nong)民(min)富裕協(xie)同(tong)共進。

深化(hua)農(nong)村(cun)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)，加(jia)快構建現(xian)(xian)代農(nong)業經營體系，讓小農(nong)戶(hu)共享改(gai)革(ge)(ge)紅(hong)利。黨的(de)十九大(da)報(bao)告為(wei)深化(hua)農(nong)村(cun)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)指明(ming)了(le)方向，尤其是土地承(cheng)包期再延長30年，是一個政(zheng)策“大(da)禮包”，給(gei)廣大(da)農(nong)民吃下了(le)“定心丸”。執行好(hao)土地承(cheng)包期再延長30年的(de)政(zheng)策，當(dang)前要(yao)重點抓好(hao)承(cheng)包地確權登記頒證(zheng)工作，探索“三權分置(zhi)”多種(zhong)實現(xian)(xian)形式，推進(jin)集體經營性資(zi)(zi)產(chan)股份(fen)合作制(zhi)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)，實現(xian)(xian)“資(zi)(zi)源變(bian)(bian)資(zi)(zi)產(chan)、資(zi)(zi)金變(bian)(bian)股金、農(nong)民變(bian)(bian)股東”，讓小農(nong)戶(hu)更多地分享產(chan)權制(zhi)度(du)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)紅(hong)利，讓農(nong)民成為(wei)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)的(de)參與者、受益者。

著力推(tui)進農(nong)村(cun)一(yi)二三產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)融合發展(zhan)，加快構(gou)建現(xian)(xian)代(dai)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)體系(xi)，讓小農(nong)戶(hu)分(fen)享產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)增(zeng)值收(shou)益。當前，要(yao)加快調(diao)(diao)優(you)種養業(ye)(ye)(ye)、調(diao)(diao)精加工業(ye)(ye)(ye)、調(diao)(diao)活服(fu)務(wu)(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，延長(chang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)、提升價值鏈(lian)。要(yao)發展(zhan)多種形式適度(du)(du)規(gui)模(mo)經營，培育(yu)新型農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)經營主體，扶持小農(nong)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)，通過加大培訓力度(du)(du)、強(qiang)化(hua)政(zheng)策扶持、改善創業(ye)(ye)(ye)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)等多種方式，讓農(nong)村(cun)一(yi)二三產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)融合發展(zhan)的收(shou)益更多地(di)(di)留(liu)在主產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)區、留(liu)給農(nong)民(min)，增(zeng)加小農(nong)戶(hu)收(shou)入。健全農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)社會化(hua)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)體系(xi)，將一(yi)家一(yi)戶(hu)小生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)融入到農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)化(hua)大生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)之中(zhong)，讓他們更好地(di)(di)分(fen)享農(nong)村(cun)一(yi)二三產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)融合發展(zhan)的增(zeng)值收(shou)益。

加(jia)強貧(pin)(pin)(pin)困(kun)地(di)區(qu)(qu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)物(wu)質(zhi)裝(zhuang)備(bei)條件建設(she)，加(jia)快構建現(xian)代農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)生產(chan)(chan)體系，讓農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)困(kun)人(ren)口(kou)同(tong)步(bu)邁入(ru)小康。堅決打贏脫(tuo)(tuo)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)攻堅戰，確保到2020年(nian)我國現(xian)行標(biao)準下農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)困(kun)人(ren)口(kou)實(shi)現(xian)脫(tuo)(tuo)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)，最根本的(de)途徑(jing)是幫助(zhu)(zhu)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)困(kun)戶發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)特(te)色產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)。要利(li)用(yong)現(xian)代設(she)施、裝(zhuang)備(bei)、技術手段武裝(zhuang)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)困(kun)地(di)區(qu)(qu)的(de)傳(chuan)統農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)綠色生產(chan)(chan)，提(ti)高農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)科技化(hua)、信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)、標(biao)準化(hua)等水平。實(shi)施“一村(cun)一品”強村(cun)富(fu)民工程，幫助(zhu)(zhu)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)困(kun)地(di)區(qu)(qu)引進農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)龍頭企業(ye)(ye)(ye)等新型農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)經營主體，支持(chi)他們依托特(te)色資(zi)源優勢(shi)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)壯大主導產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，帶(dai)動當地(di)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)困(kun)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶脫(tuo)(tuo)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)增收。充分發(fa)掘貧(pin)(pin)(pin)困(kun)地(di)區(qu)(qu)自(zi)然資(zi)源優勢(shi)，大力發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)鄉村(cun)旅游和(he)休閑農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，拓寬貧(pin)(pin)(pin)困(kun)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶脫(tuo)(tuo)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)增收渠道(dao)。大力發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品電(dian)子商務，促進產(chan)(chan)銷銜接，打造(zao)特(te)色品牌，著力解(jie)決小農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品“賣(mai)難價(jia)低”等問題，讓他們共同(tong)分享(xiang)現(xian)代農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)成(cheng)果。

發(fa)揮農業(ye)補(bu)貼的(de)(de)導向作(zuo)用，進一步(bu)完(wan)善財(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)支(zhi)農政(zheng)(zheng)策體系(xi)，讓(rang)小農戶(hu)參與價(jia)值(zhi)鏈收益分(fen)配(pei)(pei)。要按照“基在農業(ye)、利在農民(min)、惠在農村”的(de)(de)思路，進一步(bu)調整和完(wan)善農業(ye)補(bu)貼，讓(rang)財(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)補(bu)貼更多更廣惠及農民(min)群(qun)眾特別(bie)是小農戶(hu)。有些地方積(ji)極(ji)探(tan)索將(jiang)財(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)補(bu)助資金以股份(fen)形式量化到農民(min)合作(zuo)社(she)成員或農戶(hu)，使小農戶(hu)也(ye)能參與全產業(ye)鏈和價(jia)值(zhi)鏈的(de)(de)利益分(fen)配(pei)(pei)。今后(hou)，財(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)補(bu)助資金要重點(dian)扶持(chi)帶動小農戶(hu)發(fa)展的(de)(de)新型農業(ye)經營(ying)主體，支(zhi)持(chi)他們(men)通過(guo)股份(fen)合作(zuo)、訂單(dan)農業(ye)等方式與小農戶(hu)建(jian)立緊密的(de)(de)利益聯結機(ji)制，讓(rang)處于產業(ye)鏈低端的(de)(de)小農戶(hu)也(ye)能分(fen)享財(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)支(zhi)農的(de)(de)政(zheng)(zheng)策紅(hong)利。

拓寬農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民增(zeng)收(shou)渠道(dao)，逐步健(jian)全(quan)就(jiu)業(ye)創(chuang)業(ye)服務體系，讓小農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶共享人(ren)(ren)(ren)生出彩的(de)機會。要健(jian)全(quan)城鄉(xiang)勞(lao)動(dong)者(zhe)平等(deng)就(jiu)業(ye)制度，完(wan)善(shan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民創(chuang)業(ye)創(chuang)新(xin)保障(zhang)機制，使人(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)都有通過辛勤勞(lao)動(dong)實(shi)現自身(shen)發(fa)展的(de)機會。一方(fang)(fang)面，積極(ji)創(chuang)造條件，擴大農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村勞(lao)動(dong)力轉移就(jiu)業(ye)渠道(dao)，健(jian)全(quan)轉移就(jiu)業(ye)服務體系，鼓勵農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民以多種方(fang)(fang)式進(jin)城務工，讓他們在(zai)(zai)城鎮安居樂業(ye)。另一方(fang)(fang)面，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)是農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民的(de)立(li)身(shen)之本，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村是農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民的(de)美(mei)麗家(jia)園(yuan)，應該優先支(zhi)(zhi)持在(zai)(zai)家(jia)鄉(xiang)搞雙創(chuang)的(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民。要在(zai)(zai)政策、產業(ye)、人(ren)(ren)(ren)才、服務等(deng)方(fang)(fang)面下功(gong)夫，構(gou)建相互協同的(de)支(zhi)(zhi)撐體系，支(zhi)(zhi)持各類返(fan)鄉(xiang)下鄉(xiang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員到農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村創(chuang)業(ye)創(chuang)新(xin)，帶動(dong)小農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶發(fa)展特色化(hua)、小眾(zhong)化(hua)、中(zhong)高端、高附加值的(de)產業(ye)，共同分(fen)享農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村雙創(chuang)成果。