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國務院《關于促進鄉村產業振興的指導意見》解讀

時間:2019-07-05     來源:中國農(nong)業信息網

國務院(yuan)印發(fa)了《關于(yu)促進鄉(xiang)村(cun)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)振興的指導意見(jian)(jian)》。《意見(jian)(jian)》明確了鄉(xiang)村(cun)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)的內涵特征(zheng)、發(fa)展(zhan)思路(lu)、實現路(lu)徑和政策措施(shi)等,是今后一個時期我國鄉(xiang)村(cun)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)的階段性綱領性文件(jian)。為便于(yu)各地、各類經營主(zhu)體更好地了解(jie)《意見(jian)(jian)》精神和重(zhong)要(yao)政策措施(shi),近日,農業(ye)農村(cun)部鄉(xiang)村(cun)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)司司長曾衍(yan)德對《意見(jian)(jian)》進行了解(jie)讀。

問:鄉村產業(ye)內(nei)涵(han)特征(zheng)是什么(me)?與(yu)過去的鄉鎮企業(ye)和現在的城市企業(ye)有什么(me)差(cha)別?

答:《意(yi)見》開宗(zong)明義,在帽段對鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)概念作了(le)闡述(shu)。就內涵而言,鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)根植于縣域(yu),以(yi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)資(zi)源為依托,以(yi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)為主體,以(yi)一二三產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融合發展為路徑,地域(yu)特(te)(te)色鮮(xian)明、創新(xin)創業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)活(huo)躍、業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態(tai)類型豐富、利(li)益(yi)聯結(jie)緊密(mi),是提升(sheng)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、繁(fan)榮(rong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)、致富農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)的(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。就特(te)(te)征來(lai)(lai)講(jiang),鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)來(lai)(lai)源于并改造提高于傳(chuan)統種養業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和手工業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),具有產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)延長、價值鏈(lian)提升(sheng)、供應鏈(lian)健全,農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)功能充分發掘,鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)價值深度開發,帶動鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)就業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)結(jie)構優(you)化、農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)增收渠道拓寬等特(te)(te)征。就外延來(lai)(lai)說(shuo),鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)包(bao)括種養業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、鄉(xiang)(xiang)土特(te)(te)色產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)加(jia)工流通業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、休閑(xian)(xian)旅游業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)服務業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)等,鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中的(de)鄉(xiang)(xiang)土特(te)(te)色產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)拓寬農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)門類,農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)加(jia)工業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)提升(sheng)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)價值,休閑(xian)(xian)旅游業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)拓展農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)功能,鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)服務業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)豐富農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態(tai)。

可以說(shuo),鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)是姓農(nong)(nong)(nong)、立(li)(li)農(nong)(nong)(nong)、為(wei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)、興農(nong)(nong)(nong)的(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)。鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)立(li)(li)足于種養業(ye)(ye),但又不局限于種養業(ye)(ye),是對種養業(ye)(ye)和手工(gong)業(ye)(ye)的(de)改(gai)造提升。鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)有(you)別(bie)于過(guo)去(qu)的(de)鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)企(qi)業(ye)(ye),聯農(nong)(nong)(nong)帶(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)特征更加(jia)明顯,通過(guo)健全利益聯結機制,帶(dai)動(dong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)就業(ye)(ye)增(zeng)收(shou)。鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)有(you)別(bie)于城市產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye),以農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)資源為(wei)依托,發(fa)掘農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)多(duo)種功(gong)能,開發(fa)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)多(duo)重價值,業(ye)(ye)態類型豐富,鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)氣(qi)息濃(nong)厚。

問:《意見(jian)》總體框架是(shi)如何(he)(he)設計的?與農(nong)業農(nong)村(cun)全(quan)局如何(he)(he)銜(xian)接?

答:鄉(xiang)村振興,產業振興是首要任務。《意見》將(jiang)鄉(xiang)村振興納入農業農村和(he)經濟社(she)會發展全局來謀劃,擺(bai)在更加突出(chu)的位置(zhi),提出(chu)了(le)一系列實現路徑(jing)、重點任務和(he)政策措施。

《意見》指出,促進鄉(xiang)村(cun)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)振興的總(zong)體(ti)要(yao)求(qiu)是,要(yao)以習近平新(xin)時代中國特色(se)社會主義思(si)想為(wei)指導,全面(mian)貫徹(che)黨的十九大和(he)十九屆二中、三中全會精(jing)神(shen),牢固樹立新(xin)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)理(li)念,落實(shi)高質(zhi)量(liang)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)要(yao)求(qiu),堅持農(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)村(cun)優(you)先發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)總(zong)方針,以實(shi)施(shi)鄉(xiang)村(cun)振興戰略為(wei)總(zong)抓手,以農(nong)業(ye)(ye)供給(gei)側(ce)結構性(xing)改(gai)革為(wei)主線,圍(wei)繞農(nong)村(cun)一二三產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)融合(he)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan),與脫貧(pin)攻堅有(you)效銜接、與城鎮化聯動(dong)推進,聚(ju)焦重(zhong)點產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye),聚(ju)集資源(yuan)要(yao)素,強(qiang)化創新(xin)引領,突(tu)出集群成鏈,培育發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)新(xin)動(dong)能,加快構建現代農(nong)業(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)、生產(chan)(chan)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)和(he)經營體(ti)系(xi)(xi),推動(dong)形成城鄉(xiang)融合(he)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)格局,為(wei)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)村(cun)現代化奠定堅實(shi)基礎。

《意(yi)見》提出(chu),促進鄉村(cun)產業(ye)振(zhen)興,要堅(jian)持因地制宜、突出(chu)特色,市場導向、政府支持,融合發展(zhan)、聯農(nong)(nong)(nong)帶農(nong)(nong)(nong),綠色引領(ling)、創新驅動等(deng)原則,把(ba)以農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)資(zi)源為依托的(de)二(er)三產業(ye)盡(jin)量留(liu)在(zai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun),把(ba)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)產業(ye)鏈的(de)增值收益(yi)、就業(ye)崗位(wei)盡(jin)量留(liu)給農(nong)(nong)(nong)民。力(li)爭用5—10年時間,農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)一二(er)三產業(ye)融合發展(zhan)增加值占縣域(yu)生產總值的(de)比重實(shi)現較(jiao)大(da)幅度提高,鄉村(cun)產業(ye)振(zhen)興取(qu)得重要進展(zhan)。

《意見(jian)》從五個方面對(dui)具體(ti)(ti)任務(wu)作了詳(xiang)細(xi)的(de)闡述。一是(shi)(shi)(shi)突出(chu)優勢(shi)特(te)色(se),培育(yu)壯大(da)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)解(jie)決(jue)(jue)促(cu)(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)振(zhen)(zhen)興(xing)“抓(zhua)什(shen)(shen)么(me)”的(de)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti),就是(shi)(shi)(shi)要做強(qiang)現代種養(yang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),做精(jing)鄉(xiang)(xiang)土特(te)色(se)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),提(ti)(ti)升農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品加工流通(tong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),優化(hua)(hua)(hua)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)休閑旅游業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),培育(yu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)新(xin)型服務(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),發(fa)展(zhan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)信息產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。二是(shi)(shi)(shi)科學(xue)合(he)理布(bu)局,優化(hua)(hua)(hua)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)空(kong)間結構(gou)。這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)著(zhu)眼解(jie)決(jue)(jue)促(cu)(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)振(zhen)(zhen)興(xing)“怎(zen)(zen)么(me)擺布(bu)”的(de)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti),就是(shi)(shi)(shi)強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)縣域統籌,推進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鎮域產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)聚集,促(cu)(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鎮村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)聯(lian)(lian)動(dong)發(fa)展(zhan),支持貧困地區產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)。三是(shi)(shi)(shi)促(cu)(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)合(he)發(fa)展(zhan),增強(qiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)聚合(he)力。這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)著(zhu)眼解(jie)決(jue)(jue)促(cu)(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)振(zhen)(zhen)興(xing)“怎(zen)(zen)么(me)抓(zhua)”的(de)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti),就是(shi)(shi)(shi)培育(yu)多(duo)元融(rong)合(he)主體(ti)(ti),發(fa)展(zhan)多(duo)類型融(rong)合(he)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態(tai),打(da)造(zao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)合(he)載(zai)體(ti)(ti),構(gou)建利益聯(lian)(lian)結機制。四是(shi)(shi)(shi)推進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)質量興(xing)農(nong)(nong)綠色(se)興(xing)農(nong)(nong),增強(qiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)持續(xu)增長力。這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)解(jie)決(jue)(jue)促(cu)(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)振(zhen)(zhen)興(xing)“抓(zhua)成(cheng)什(shen)(shen)么(me)效果”的(de)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti),就是(shi)(shi)(shi)健全綠色(se)質量標準體(ti)(ti)系,大(da)力推進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)標準化(hua)(hua)(hua)生產(chan)(chan)(chan),培育(yu)提(ti)(ti)升農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)品牌(pai),強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)資源保護利用。五是(shi)(shi)(shi)推動(dong)創(chuang)新(xin)創(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)升級,增強(qiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)新(xin)動(dong)能。這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)著(zhu)眼解(jie)決(jue)(jue)促(cu)(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)振(zhen)(zhen)興(xing)“動(dong)能是(shi)(shi)(shi)什(shen)(shen)么(me)”的(de)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti),就是(shi)(shi)(shi)強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)科技創(chuang)新(xin)引(yin)領,促(cu)(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)創(chuang)新(xin)創(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。五是(shi)(shi)(shi)完善(shan)政(zheng)策措施,優化(hua)(hua)(hua)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)環境(jing)。這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)解(jie)決(jue)(jue)促(cu)(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)振(zhen)(zhen)興(xing)“有什(shen)(shen)么(me)真金白銀”的(de)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti),就是(shi)(shi)(shi)健全財政(zheng)投入機制,創(chuang)新(xin)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)金融(rong)服務(wu),有序引(yin)導(dao)工商(shang)資本下鄉(xiang)(xiang),完善(shan)用地保障(zhang)政(zheng)策,健全人才保障(zhang)機制。

《意見(jian)》要求,各地要把鄉(xiang)村(cun)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)振興作為重要任(ren)務,擺上突出位置。建立農(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)村(cun)部(bu)門(men)牽頭抓(zhua)總(zong)、相關部(bu)門(men)協同(tong)配合、社會力量積極支持(chi)、農(nong)民群眾廣泛(fan)參與的(de)推進(jin)機制(zhi),研究開展農(nong)村(cun)一(yi)二三產(chan)業(ye)(ye)融合發展情況統計,宣傳推介鄉(xiang)村(cun)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)發展鮮活經驗(yan),倡導誠信守法(fa),營(ying)造崇尚創新、鼓(gu)勵創業(ye)(ye)的(de)良(liang)好(hao)環(huan)境。

問:《意見》提出的一(yi)個重要目標(biao)“農(nong)村一(yi)二(er)三融合發展增加值占(zhan)縣域(yu)生產總(zong)值的比重實現較大(da)幅度提高”,這(zhe)有什么重要意義(yi)?

答(da):《意見》提出,用5—10年時(shi)間,農村一(yi)二三產(chan)業融合發展(zhan)增加值占(zhan)縣(xian)域生產(chan)總(zong)值的(de)(de)比(bi)重實現(xian)較(jiao)大幅度提高,這個指(zhi)標是指(zhi)向(xiang)性的(de)(de),也是制度性的(de)(de)。提出這一(yi)指(zhi)標主要基于(yu)以下幾(ji)點(dian)考慮(lv):

一是(shi)適應(ying)產業(ye)發展新(xin)趨(qu)(qu)勢(shi)。當(dang)前,農(nong)業(ye)與現代產業(ye)要素跨界配置的趨(qu)(qu)勢(shi)越(yue)來越(yue)明顯。制度、技(ji)術和商業(ye)模(mo)式(shi)創新(xin),將農(nong)業(ye)與農(nong)產品加工(gong)、流通(tong)和服務(wu)業(ye)等滲透交叉,形成(cheng)新(xin)產業(ye)新(xin)業(ye)態新(xin)模(mo)式(shi),實現產業(ye)跨界融合、要素跨界流動、資源集約配置。

二是突顯農(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)村(cun)地(di)位。在(zai)現行統計制度中,農(nong)業(ye)(ye)作(zuo)為(wei)第一產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye),包括農(nong)林牧漁,這是傳統的(de)種(zhong)養業(ye)(ye)。隨著經濟的(de)發展(zhan)和結構的(de)升級,種(zhong)養業(ye)(ye)增加(jia)值(zhi)在(zai)地(di)方(fang)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)總(zong)值(zhi)的(de)比重(zhong)越來(lai)越小。如果把加(jia)工流通、休閑(xian)旅(lv)游、電子(zi)商務(wu)、健康(kang)養生(sheng)等(deng)新(xin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)新(xin)業(ye)(ye)態這些(xie)延伸、交叉(cha)、融合(he)的(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)增加(jia)值(zhi)統計起來(lai),比重(zhong)就很大(da)。比重(zhong)小,就顯得地(di)位不重(zhong)要(yao)(yao),地(di)方(fang)政(zheng)府不重(zhong)視(shi)。一些(xie)中西部(bu)地(di)區測算,農(nong)村(cun)一二三產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)融合(he)發展(zhan)增加(jia)值(zhi)占到縣域生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)總(zong)值(zhi)的(de)50%,即使在(zai)一些(xie)大(da)城市周(zhou)邊(bian),也占到了(le)20%。這一比重(zhong)的(de)變化,顯示了(le)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)村(cun)地(di)位的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao),產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)融合(he)發展(zhan)取向(xiang)的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)。

三是完善農業(ye)統計(ji)(ji)制(zhi)度。落實《意見》提出的要(yao)求,我們(men)正(zheng)在(zai)研究提出農村(cun)一(yi)二三產業(ye)融(rong)合增加值(zhi)的指標體系和測算辦法,重(zhong)(zhong)點是提出農業(ye)延伸(shen)的產業(ye)、交互的產業(ye)、以及(ji)農業(ye)農村(cun)功能(neng)價值(zhi)拓展的產業(ye)。把這些(xie)產業(ye)分類,確定合理的計(ji)(ji)算方(fang)法,并作(zuo)為(wei)農業(ye)高質(zhi)量發展的重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)指標,納入考核的重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)內(nei)容。這一(yi)統計(ji)(ji)制(zhi)度的完善,不(bu)僅是統計(ji)(ji)制(zhi)度的變革(ge),還是發展方(fang)向的指針,更是帶有(you)革(ge)命性的重(zhong)(zhong)大變革(ge)。

問:種養業是鄉村產(chan)業的基礎,如何做強現代種養業?

答:種養(yang)業(ye)是鄉村產業(ye)的(de)基礎,也是保障糧食等重(zhong)要農產品(pin)供(gong)應的(de)任(ren)務(wu)所在。做(zuo)強現代種養(yang)業(ye),重(zhong)點是三個(ge)方面:

一是鞏固提升(sheng)農業產(chan)能(neng)。首要(yao)的(de)(de)任務(wu),鞏固提升(sheng)糧(liang)食(shi)產(chan)能(neng),守住國家糧(liang)食(shi)安全(quan)底(di)線。習近平總書(shu)記一再強調,中國人的(de)(de)飯(fan)碗必須牢牢端在(zai)自己手(shou)里(li),我們的(de)(de)飯(fan)碗里(li)應該主要(yao)裝(zhuang)中國糧(liang)。抓糧(liang)食(shi)生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)勁頭(tou)絲毫(hao)不(bu)能(neng)松懈,保(bao)糧(liang)食(shi)安全(quan)的(de)(de)決(jue)心絲毫(hao)不(bu)能(neng)退讓,加快(kuai)建設高標準農田(tian),集中力量攻克一批關鍵技(ji)術,真正做到藏糧(liang)于地、藏糧(liang)于技(ji)。同時(shi),要(yao)加強生(sheng)豬等畜(chu)禽(qin)產(chan)能(neng)建設,提升(sheng)動物疫病防控能(neng)力,推(tui)進奶業振(zhen)興(xing)和漁業健康養殖,增加有效供給。

二是創(chuang)新(xin)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)組織方式。一(yi)方面(mian)(mian),大力(li)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)“農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)+家(jia)庭農(nong)(nong)場+合(he)作(zuo)社(she)+公(gong)司”,促進小農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)之間、小農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)與(yu)新(xin)型經(jing)營主體(ti)之間開展(zhan)(zhan)合(he)作(zuo)與(yu)聯合(he),發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)加(jia)工流通和其他新(xin)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)新(xin)業(ye)(ye)態,提(ti)升(sheng)小農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)生產(chan)(chan)經(jing)營能力(li)和組織化程度,實現小農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)與(yu)現代農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)有機銜接(jie)。另(ling)一(yi)方面(mian)(mian),繼(ji)續積極(ji)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)“公(gong)司+合(he)作(zuo)社(she)+家(jia)庭農(nong)(nong)場+農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)”,支持龍頭(tou)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)與(yu)家(jia)庭農(nong)(nong)場和農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)建立起緊密型利益聯結機制,提(ti)升(sheng)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)經(jing)營集約化、標(biao)準化、綠色(se)化發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)水平。

三是(shi)延伸拓展產業(ye)鏈。過去(qu),種養業(ye)多是(shi)農民(min)一家(jia)一戶干,產業(ye)鏈極短(duan),收益不(bu)多,需要向加(jia)工(gong)流通全面拓展,構(gou)建(jian)多種形式的合(he)作模式,加(jia)快發展糧經飼統(tong)籌、種養加(jia)服一體(ti)、農林(lin)牧漁結合(he)、貿工(gong)農旅融(rong)合(he)的現代(dai)種養業(ye),推進農產品就地加(jia)工(gong)轉化增值(zhi)。

問(wen):鄉土特色(se)產(chan)(chan)業是鄉村(cun)產(chan)(chan)業的重(zhong)要組成部(bu)分(fen),如何做精鄉土特色(se)產(chan)(chan)業?

答:鄉土(tu)特(te)(te)(te)色(se)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)是從農(nong)(nong)民手工藝改(gai)造提升出(chu)來的鄉村產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)。習近平總(zong)書(shu)記指出(chu),要做(zuo)好(hao)“特(te)(te)(te)”字文章,加(jia)快(kuai)培育優(you)勢特(te)(te)(te)色(se)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye),打造高品質、有口(kou)碑(bei)的農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)“金(jin)字招牌”。《意見》要求,各地(di)要因地(di)制宜發展多樣化特(te)(te)(te)色(se)種養,加(jia)快(kuai)發展特(te)(te)(te)色(se)食品、特(te)(te)(te)色(se)制造、特(te)(te)(te)色(se)建筑、特(te)(te)(te)色(se)手工業(ye)(ye)(ye)等鄉土(tu)特(te)(te)(te)色(se)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)。

一(yi)是(shi)發(fa)掘(jue)一(yi)批(pi)鄉(xiang)土特(te)(te)色(se)產(chan)品。以資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)稟賦和獨特(te)(te)歷(li)史文化(hua)為基礎,有(you)序開發(fa)特(te)(te)色(se)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan),做精鄉(xiang)土特(te)(te)色(se)產(chan)業,因(yin)地制宜(yi)發(fa)展(zhan)小宗類、多(duo)樣(yang)性特(te)(te)色(se)種(zhong)(zhong)養,加強地方小品種(zhong)(zhong)種(zhong)(zhong)質(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)保(bao)護和開發(fa),充分挖掘(jue)農村(cun)各類非物質(zhi)文化(hua)遺(yi)產(chan)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan),保(bao)護傳統工藝(yi),開發(fa)一(yi)批(pi)鄉(xiang)土特(te)(te)色(se)產(chan)業。

二是建設一批特(te)色(se)(se)產(chan)業基地。圍繞特(te)色(se)(se)農(nong)產(chan)品優勢區,積極(ji)發展多樣化(hua)特(te)色(se)(se)糧、油、薯、果、菜、茶、菌、中藥材、養(yang)殖、林特(te)花卉苗木等特(te)色(se)(se)種養(yang),推進特(te)色(se)(se)農(nong)產(chan)品基地建設,支持(chi)建設規范化(hua)鄉村工廠、生產(chan)車間(jian),全面提升特(te)色(se)(se)農(nong)業的綠(lv)色(se)(se)化(hua)、標(biao)準化(hua)、品牌(pai)化(hua)發展水平。

三是打造一(yi)批特(te)(te)色產業(ye)(ye)集(ji)群(qun)。開發(fa)人無我有、人有我優(you)、人優(you)我特(te)(te)的(de)特(te)(te)色優(you)勢(shi)(shi)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan),創(chuang)建“一(yi)村(cun)(cun)一(yi)品(pin)(pin)”示范村(cun)(cun)鎮,打造鄉(xiang)土特(te)(te)色產業(ye)(ye)品(pin)(pin)牌化、集(ji)群(qun)化發(fa)展(zhan)平臺載體,推進整(zheng)村(cun)(cun)開發(fa)、一(yi)村(cun)(cun)帶(dai)多(duo)(duo)村(cun)(cun)、多(duo)(duo)村(cun)(cun)連成片,厚植區(qu)域經(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)展(zhan)新(xin)優(you)勢(shi)(shi),不(bu)斷將資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)優(you)勢(shi)(shi)轉化為產業(ye)(ye)優(you)勢(shi)(shi)、產業(ye)(ye)優(you)勢(shi)(shi)轉化為經(jing)濟(ji)優(you)勢(shi)(shi)。

四(si)是(shi)創響一(yi)批鄉土(tu)特(te)色品(pin)(pin)牌。按(an)照“有標(biao)采標(biao)、無標(biao)創標(biao)、全(quan)程(cheng)貫標(biao)”要求,制定不同(tong)區域不同(tong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)的(de)技術規程(cheng)和產(chan)品(pin)(pin)標(biao)準,發(fa)掘一(yi)批鄉村(cun)特(te)色產(chan)品(pin)(pin)和能(neng)工巧匠,創響“獨一(yi)份”“特(te)別特(te)”“好中優”的(de)“土(tu)字(zi)號”“鄉字(zi)號”特(te)色產(chan)品(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)牌。

問(wen):加(jia)工(gong)(gong)流(liu)通是聯(lian)結前(qian)端(duan)、延(yan)伸后端(duan)的產業,如何提(ti)升農產品(pin)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)流(liu)通業?

答:農(nong)(nong)產品加工流(liu)通業(ye)(ye)是(shi)從(cong)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)延(yan)伸出來的(de)(de)鄉(xiang)村(cun)產業(ye)(ye),是(shi)構(gou)建(jian)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)產業(ye)(ye)體系和(he)促進一二三(san)產業(ye)(ye)融合發展的(de)(de)“腰(yao)”,起著承(cheng)前啟(qi)后的(de)(de)重要橋梁紐(niu)帶作用,也是(shi)鄉(xiang)村(cun)產業(ye)(ye)中(zhong)潛力(li)最大、效(xiao)益較高的(de)(de)產業(ye)(ye)。提升農(nong)(nong)產品加工流(liu)通業(ye)(ye),要重點抓好(hao)三(san)個方面:

一是做強農產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)精(jing)深(shen)(shen)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)。精(jing)深(shen)(shen)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)能夠延長(chang)產(chan)(chan)業鏈(lian)條,最大(da)限度提(ti)升農產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)附加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)值。目前,我(wo)國的農產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)精(jing)深(shen)(shen)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)水平普遍較(jiao)低,加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)副產(chan)(chan)物60%以上(shang)沒有得(de)到綜合利用。據測算(suan),通過精(jing)深(shen)(shen)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)可以使糧油薯增(zeng)值2-4倍,畜牧水產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)增(zeng)值3-4倍,果品(pin)(pin)蔬菜(cai)增(zeng)值5-10倍。要(yao)組織開(kai)展公共關鍵技(ji)術裝備研發(fa)和推廣(guang),創制蛋(dan)白(bai)、脂肪(fang)、纖維、活性物質(zhi)、藥用價值、新營養素提(ti)取的農產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)精(jing)深(shen)(shen)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)技(ji)術裝備,推介“原料(liao)基地+中(zhong)央(yang)廚房(fang)+餐飲(yin)門店(dian)”等模(mo)式(shi),發(fa)展“廚房(fang)經(jing)濟”“餐桌經(jing)濟”,構建從(cong)田頭到餐桌的全鏈(lian)條供給模(mo)式(shi)。

二是拓展(zhan)農(nong)產品(pin)初加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)。《意見》強調,支持家(jia)庭農(nong)場和(he)農(nong)民合作(zuo)社發展(zhan)初加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong),這(zhe)也是解決就(jiu)地就(jiu)近增收的(de)重要途(tu)徑。針對農(nong)產品(pin)初加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)水平低、設(she)施(shi)簡(jian)陋、工(gong)(gong)藝落后(hou)等問題(ti),聚焦主(zhu)導產業,對各(ge)類農(nong)產品(pin)貯藏、烘干、包裝、分等分級、后(hou)整理和(he)初加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)等環節進行補助。歐(ou)洲一些國家(jia)這(zhe)方面經驗很成熟,發展(zhan)很好(hao),有一套(tao)成熟的(de)模(mo)式(shi),值得學習借鑒。

三是建設(she)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)集群(qun)。《意(yi)見(jian)》要求(qiu),按照“糧(liang)頭(tou)食尾”“農(nong)頭(tou)工(gong)(gong)尾”要求(qiu),支持糧(liang)食生產(chan)功(gong)能區、重要農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)生產(chan)保護區、特色農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)優勢區發展農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)業。支持縣(xian)域(yu)發展農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)精深加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong),建成一批專業村鎮和(he)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)強縣(xian),著力構建原料(liao)基地(di)、加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)轉化、市場營(ying)銷、物流配送等環節首(shou)尾相(xiang)連、上下(xia)銜(xian)接、前后呼應的產(chan)業集群(qun),改變(bian)原料(liao)在(zai)農(nong)村、加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)在(zai)城市的格(ge)局(ju)。

此外,《意見》強調,加快發展流通業,把農產品(pin)產地、集散(san)地、銷地批(pi)發市場建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)統(tong)籌(chou)起來,加強農產品(pin)物流骨(gu)干(gan)網絡和(he)冷鏈物流體(ti)系建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she),打通農產品(pin)物流節點,實(shi)現全過程無縫對接。

問:休閑旅游(you)是農業農村(cun)功(gong)能價值(zhi)拓展的產業,近年來發展很快,如何優化鄉村(cun)休閑旅游(you)業?

答:鄉(xiang)村休閑旅游業(ye)(ye)是從鄉(xiang)村拓展出來(lai)的(de)鄉(xiang)村產業(ye)(ye)。現在,農(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)村資(zi)源潛力(li)(li)很大(da),農(nong)業(ye)(ye)多種功能和鄉(xiang)村多重(zhong)價值開發的(de)潛力(li)(li)也(ye)很大(da),城鄉(xiang)居民的(de)市場需求量也(ye)大(da),需要進一步優化鄉(xiang)村休閑旅游。

一是(shi)打造休(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)閑(xian)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游精(jing)品(pin)景點(dian)。《意見》提出,實施休(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)閑(xian)農業(ye)和(he)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游精(jing)品(pin)工(gong)程,建(jian)設一批設施完備、功(gong)能(neng)多樣的(de)休(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)閑(xian)觀光園區、鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)民宿、森林人家和(he)康養基地(di),培育一批美(mei)(mei)麗休(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)閑(xian)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)、鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游重點(dian)村(cun)。要(yao)挖掘鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)蘊含的(de)特(te)色景觀、農耕(geng)文化(hua)、鄉(xiang)(xiang)風民俗等優質資源(yuan),豐(feng)富(fu)文化(hua)內涵,拓(tuo)展農業(ye)功(gong)能(neng),開(kai)發(fa)特(te)色產品(pin),發(fa)掘村(cun)落歷史,培育一批“一村(cun)一景”“一村(cun)一韻(yun)”美(mei)(mei)麗休(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)閑(xian)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun),打造特(te)色突出、主題鮮明的(de)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)休(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)閑(xian)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游精(jing)品(pin)。建(jian)設一批休(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)閑(xian)農業(ye)示范縣。

二是豐富休閑旅游業(ye)態。利用移動互聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)、物聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)、虛擬現實等(deng)手段,提(ti)升“農(nong)家樂”“農(nong)事體驗(yan)”等(deng)傳(chuan)統業(ye)態,發(fa)展高(gao)端(duan)民宿、康養基地(di)、攝影(ying)基地(di)等(deng)高(gao)端(duan)業(ye)態,探索農(nong)業(ye)主題公園(yuan)、教育農(nong)園(yuan)、創意農(nong)業(ye)、深度體驗(yan)、新型療(liao)養等(deng)新型業(ye)態。

三(san)是提升(sheng)休(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)旅(lv)游管(guan)理水平。加快制定修訂一(yi)批技(ji)術(shu)規(gui)程和(he)服務(wu)標準,用(yong)標準創響品牌、用(yong)品牌吸(xi)引資(zi)本、用(yong)資(zi)本匯聚(ju)資(zi)源。組織開(kai)展(zhan)休(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)農業和(he)鄉村旅(lv)游人才培(pei)訓,培(pei)養一(yi)批素質強、善經營(ying)的行業發展(zhan)管(guan)理和(he)經營(ying)人才。對休(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)農業和(he)鄉村旅(lv)游的聚(ju)集區開(kai)展(zhan)督(du)促檢查,保障服務(wu)規(gui)范(fan)、運營(ying)安全。開(kai)展(zhan)各具特(te)色(se)、形式多樣的主題(ti)活動,繼(ji)續推出“春(chun)觀花(hua)”“夏納涼(liang)”“秋(qiu)采摘(zhai)”“冬農趣”活動。

問:鄉村服務業(ye)(ye)是(shi)農(nong)民和(he)市民均離不開的鄉村產(chan)業(ye)(ye),如何(he)培育鄉村新型服務業(ye)(ye)?

答:鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)新興服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)為(wei)農(nong)為(wei)民(min)(min)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)的鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)。隨著城鎮(zhen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的快速(su)推進,在田務(wu)農(nong)的人(ren)數減少,農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)居(ju)民(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)方式也在發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)變化(hua)(hua)(hua),這就需要精(jing)心培育鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)。一是(shi)(shi)大力發展(zhan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產性服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)。《意見》要求(qiu)(qiu),圍(wei)繞農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產,提供(gong)全程(cheng)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu),包括(kuo)農(nong)資(zi)供(gong)應、土地托(tuo)管、代耕代種、統(tong)防統(tong)治、烘干收儲等服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)。同時(shi)要支持(chi)供(gong)銷社、郵(you)政公司(si)、農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)、農(nong)民(min)(min)合作社等開(kai)展(zhan)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu),滿足農(nong)民(min)(min)低成(cheng)本(ben)、便利化(hua)(hua)(hua)、全方位、高效率的“一站(zhan)式”社會化(hua)(hua)(hua)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)需求(qiu)(qiu)。二(er)是(shi)(shi)大力發展(zhan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)性服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)。過去,農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)有(you)一些生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)性服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye),重點(dian)是(shi)(shi)供(gong)銷社,還有(you)一些個人(ren)興辦的小門店(dian),也有(you)一些小集(ji)市。現在,適應村(cun)(cun)(cun)莊變化(hua)(hua)(hua)、城鎮(zhen)建設(she)的需要,《意見》要求(qiu)(qiu),改造傳(chuan)統(tong)小商業(ye)(ye)(ye)、小門店(dian)、小集(ji)市等商業(ye)(ye)(ye)網點(dian),積極發展(zhan)批發零售、養老托(tuo)幼、環境衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)等生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)性服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye),為(wei)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)居(ju)民(min)(min)提供(gong)便捷(jie)周到的服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)。

問:鄉村(cun)信息產(chan)(chan)業(ye)引領和(he)驅動鄉村(cun)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)發(fa)展,將會重塑鄉村(cun)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)形態,如何大(da)力發(fa)展鄉村(cun)信息產(chan)(chan)業(ye)?

答:伴隨著(zhu)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)技術、人工(gong)智能(neng)、生物(wu)(wu)工(gong)程等為主的全(quan)(quan)(quan)新(xin)技術革命,農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)往(wang)往(wang)“手(shou)指一劃(hua)、全(quan)(quan)(quan)部搞定”,農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民網(wang)(wang)上賣菜、市(shi)民上網(wang)(wang)買菜,空間(jian)上“萬水千山”變(bian)為屏幕上“近在咫尺”。這種背(bei)景(jing)下就(jiu)凸出物(wu)(wu)流(liu)配送和電子商(shang)(shang)務(wu)的不足。目前,產(chan)(chan)地批(pi)發市(shi)場(chang)(chang)、產(chan)(chan)銷(xiao)對(dui)(dui)接、鮮活農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品直(zhi)銷(xiao)網(wang)(wang)點建設(she)(she)(she)相對(dui)(dui)滯后,電子商(shang)(shang)務(wu)等新(xin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態新(xin)模(mo)式(shi)仍處發展初期。因此,《意見》提出兩個(ge)方面(mian)(mian)的要求。一個(ge)是生產(chan)(chan)過程信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)化(hua)。深入推(tui)進(jin)(jin)“互聯網(wang)(wang)+”現代農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),加(jia)快(kuai)重要農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品全(quan)(quan)(quan)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈大數據建設(she)(she)(she),加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)國(guo)家數字(zi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)系統建設(she)(she)(she)。加(jia)快(kuai)完(wan)善縣鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)物(wu)(wu)流(liu)基礎設(she)(she)(she)施網(wang)(wang)絡,加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)產(chan)(chan)地的加(jia)工(gong)包裝(zhuang)、儲(chu)藏(zang)保鮮、電商(shang)(shang)服務(wu)等條件建設(she)(she)(she),擴大物(wu)(wu)聯網(wang)(wang)示范(fan)應(ying)用,全(quan)(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)進(jin)(jin)村(cun)(cun)入戶(hu),創新(xin)發展基于(yu)互聯網(wang)(wang)的新(xin)型(xing)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)模(mo)式(shi)。另一個(ge)是市(shi)場(chang)(chang)營銷(xiao)電商(shang)(shang)化(hua)。全(quan)(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)進(jin)(jin)村(cun)(cun)入戶(hu),實(shi)施“互聯網(wang)(wang)+”農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品出村(cun)(cun)進(jin)(jin)城工(gong)程。推(tui)動農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)電子商(shang)(shang)務(wu)公共服務(wu)中心和快(kuai)遞物(wu)(wu)流(liu)園區(qu)發展。這就(jiu)要求,全(quan)(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)進(jin)(jin)村(cun)(cun)入戶(hu),推(tui)動貧困地區(qu)優質特(te)色農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品上網(wang)(wang)銷(xiao)售,加(jia)快(kuai)實(shi)現鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)數字(zi)化(hua)、網(wang)(wang)絡化(hua)、智能(neng)化(hua),解決農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品上行“最初一公里”問(wen)題。

問:如何以科學布局優化鄉村產(chan)業(ye)發展空(kong)間結(jie)構?

答:吸取上世紀80、90年代鄉(xiang)鎮企業“村村點火(huo)、戶戶冒煙”的教(jiao)訓,《意(yi)見》對鄉(xiang)村產業空間布局(ju)進行科學安排。概(gai)括為縣域(yu)、鎮域(yu)和(he)村三個層級。

一是(shi)強化縣域(yu)統籌。在縣域(yu)內統籌考慮(lv)城(cheng)(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)產(chan)業發展,合(he)理規(gui)劃鄉(xiang)(xiang)村產(chan)業布局,形成縣城(cheng)(cheng)、中心鎮(鄉(xiang)(xiang))、中心村層級分工明(ming)顯、功能有(you)機銜(xian)接的(de)格局。推進(jin)城(cheng)(cheng)鎮基(ji)礎設施和基(ji)本公共服務(wu)向(xiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村延伸,實現城(cheng)(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)基(ji)礎設施互聯互通、服務(wu)普惠共享。完善縣城(cheng)(cheng)綜(zong)合(he)服務(wu)功能,搭建技術研發、人才培訓和產(chan)品(pin)營銷(xiao)等平(ping)臺(tai)。

二是推進鎮域產業(ye)(ye)(ye)聚(ju)集(ji)。發揮鎮(鄉(xiang))上連縣(xian)、下(xia)連村的(de)紐帶作用,支(zhi)持(chi)有條件(jian)的(de)地(di)方(fang)建設(she)以鎮(鄉(xiang))所在地(di)為中心的(de)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)集(ji)群。支(zhi)持(chi)農產品加(jia)工流(liu)通企業(ye)(ye)(ye)重心下(xia)沉,向有條件(jian)的(de)鎮(鄉(xiang))和(he)物流(liu)節點集(ji)中。引導特色小鎮立足產業(ye)(ye)(ye)基礎,加(jia)快要素聚(ju)集(ji)和(he)業(ye)(ye)(ye)態創新,輻射(she)和(he)帶動周邊(bian)地(di)區產業(ye)(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)。

三是(shi)促進鎮村(cun)(cun)聯動(dong)發(fa)展。引導(dao)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)與農(nong)民合(he)作社和農(nong)戶聯合(he)建(jian)(jian)設原料(liao)基地(di)、加(jia)工車間等,實現加(jia)工在(zai)鎮、基地(di)在(zai)村(cun)(cun)、增收在(zai)戶。支持鎮(鄉)發(fa)展勞動(dong)密(mi)集型產(chan)業(ye)(ye),引導(dao)有條(tiao)件的(de)村(cun)(cun)建(jian)(jian)設農(nong)工貿專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)村(cun)(cun)。目的(de)均是(shi)讓農(nong)民就(jiu)地(di)就(jiu)近就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)創業(ye)(ye),改變原料(liao)在(zai)鄉村(cun)(cun)、加(jia)工在(zai)城市(shi),勞力在(zai)鄉村(cun)(cun)、產(chan)業(ye)(ye)在(zai)城市(shi)的(de)狀(zhuang)況。

問:如何推進脫貧攻堅與鄉村產業振興(xing)有效銜接?

答(da):產業振(zhen)興是一個長期的(de)過程,脫貧攻堅也是一個長期的(de)任(ren)務,是相(xiang)輔相(xiang)成的(de)。推進(jin)鄉(xiang)村振(zhen)興必須與(yu)脫貧攻堅有(you)(you)效銜(xian)接,脫貧攻堅沒有(you)(you)產業基(ji)礎是不(bu)牢(lao)固(gu)的(de)、不(bu)持續的(de)。《意見》提出了三個方面(mian)要求(qiu)。

一是(shi)政策(ce)(ce)力(li)度(du)不(bu)減(jian)。扶持(chi)政策(ce)(ce)不(bu)減(jian)少、人員力(li)量不(bu)減(jian)弱(ruo)、工作(zuo)力(li)度(du)不(bu)減(jian)小(xiao),目標不(bu)變、靶(ba)心不(bu)移、頻道不(bu)換,做到脫(tuo)貧(pin)不(bu)脫(tuo)鉤(gou)、脫(tuo)貧(pin)不(bu)脫(tuo)政策(ce)(ce)、脫(tuo)貧(pin)不(bu)脫(tuo)幫扶,持(chi)續加大(da)資金、技術、人才等要素投入,并納入鄉(xiang)村振興戰略架構下統籌安排(pai),鞏固和擴大(da)產(chan)業脫(tuo)貧(pin)攻堅(jian)成(cheng)果(guo)。

二是聚焦(jiao)重(zhong)點區(qu)(qu)域。支持(chi)貧(pin)困(kun)(kun)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)特別是“三區(qu)(qu)三州”等深(shen)度貧(pin)困(kun)(kun)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu),發(fa)掘資源(yuan)優勢(shi)、景觀優勢(shi)和(he)文(wen)化底蘊,開(kai)發(fa)有獨特優勢(shi)的(de)特色產品,在有條(tiao)件的(de)地(di)(di)(di)方打造“一村(cun)一品”示范村(cun)鎮和(he)休閑(xian)旅游精(jing)品點。支持(chi)貧(pin)困(kun)(kun)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)打造特色產品品牌。農業產業化強鎮和(he)綠色循環優質高效(xiao)特色產業項目,盡可能(neng)向(xiang)集中連片貧(pin)困(kun)(kun)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)傾斜。

三是促(cu)進(jin)產銷(xiao)對接。《意見》要(yao)求,引(yin)導國內大型加工、采購(gou)銷(xiao)售、投融資企業(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)貧困(kun)地區(qu)對接,開(kai)展招商引(yin)資,促(cu)進(jin)產品(pin)銷(xiao)售。鼓勵農業(ye)(ye)(ye)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)龍(long)頭企業(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)貧困(kun)地區(qu)合作(zuo)創建綠色食(shi)品(pin)、有機農產品(pin)原料標準化(hua)生產基地,帶動貧困(kun)戶進(jin)入大市場。

問:產業融(rong)(rong)合(he)發(fa)(fa)展是新趨勢,如何促進農村產業融(rong)(rong)合(he)發(fa)(fa)展?

答(da):改革(ge)開放(fang)以來,農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)村動能(neng)轉化經歷過三次,上(shang)世紀80年代初,家庭聯產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)承包責任(ren)制(zhi)實行,形成了(le)“分”的動能(neng);90年代中后期,大(da)量農(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)進(jin)城務工(gong)經商,形成了(le)“流”的動能(neng);黨的十八大(da)以來,技(ji)術進(jin)步(bu)與(yu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)交互滲(shen)透(tou),要素跨(kua)(kua)界配置、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)跨(kua)(kua)界融合(he)、業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態豐富多樣,農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)跨(kua)(kua)出(chu)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)邊(bian)界與(yu)現(xian)代產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)要素高位嫁接、交叉重組(zu),農(nong)村產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融合(he)發展(zhan)成為新的趨勢,形成了(le)“合(he)”的動能(neng),這是(shi)繼聯產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)承包責任(ren)制(zhi)、鄉(xiang)鎮企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化之后農(nong)民(min)(min)的“第四次創造”。

適應現代(dai)產業(ye)要素聚集、業(ye)態層(ceng)出不窮的(de)要求,把融(rong)(rong)(rong)合(he)貫穿于產業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)全(quan)過(guo)程。通(tong)(tong)過(guo)發(fa)掘新(xin)功(gong)能新(xin)價值(zhi),培育融(rong)(rong)(rong)合(he)主(zhu)體(ti)、催(cui)生融(rong)(rong)(rong)合(he)業(ye)態、搭建融(rong)(rong)(rong)合(he)載體(ti)、建立(li)融(rong)(rong)(rong)合(he)機制,發(fa)展(zhan)連接城鄉、打通(tong)(tong)工(gong)農、聯農帶農的(de)多類型多業(ye)態產業(ye),就地(di)就近安排農民就業(ye)創業(ye),通(tong)(tong)過(guo)建立(li)緊密的(de)利益(yi)聯結機制,讓(rang)小農戶(hu)在產業(ye)融(rong)(rong)(rong)合(he)發(fa)展(zhan)中(zhong)同步(bu)(bu)受(shou)益(yi)、同步(bu)(bu)提升、同步(bu)(bu)進(jin)步(bu)(bu)。

一是培育多元主(zhu)體促進(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)。融合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)本質(zhi)(zhi)不單是農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)“接二連(lian)(lian)三(san)”、“隔二連(lian)(lian)三(san)”,更重(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)是經(jing)營(ying)主(zhu)體的(de)(de)(de)融合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)。要壯大(da)(da)龍(long)頭(tou)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)隊伍(wu),引導龍(long)頭(tou)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)建立現代企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)制(zhi)度(du)和現代產權制(zhi)度(du),向產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈中高端延伸,打造大(da)(da)型農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)集團,帶(dai)動鄉村產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)高質(zhi)(zhi)量發(fa)展(zhan)。要發(fa)展(zhan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)社(she)和家庭(ting)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場,通過(guo)土(tu)地(di)流轉、土(tu)地(di)入股(gu)等(deng)形式(shi),發(fa)展(zhan)適度(du)規模經(jing)營(ying)的(de)(de)(de)家庭(ting)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場。支(zhi)持農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)社(she)開展(zhan)多種(zhong)經(jing)營(ying),向綜合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)社(she)方(fang)向發(fa)展(zhan)。要發(fa)展(zhan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化聯(lian)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)體,這是一種(zhong)新的(de)(de)(de)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)組織方(fang)式(shi),是主(zhu)體融合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)、業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態融合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)和利益融合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)實現形式(shi)。要扶持一批以(yi)龍(long)頭(tou)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)帶(dai)動、合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)社(she)和家庭(ting)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場跟(gen)進(jin)、廣大(da)(da)小農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶參與的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化聯(lian)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)體,形成“離農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)最近、聯(lian)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民最緊”的(de)(de)(de)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)集合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)體,帶(dai)領(ling)千千萬萬的(de)(de)(de)小農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶、家庭(ting)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場、合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)社(she)與千變萬化的(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)市場有效對(dui)接。

二是培育新產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)新業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態(tai)(tai)促(cu)進農(nong)(nong)村(cun)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)合(he)(he)。鄉村(cun)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)呈現(xian)(xian)(xian)“農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)+”多(duo)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態(tai)(tai)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)態(tai)(tai)勢,這是產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)合(he)(he)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)重要(yao)(yao)特征。近幾年,各地已探(tan)索(suo)形成(cheng)了一套業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態(tai)(tai)融(rong)合(he)(he)模式,要(yao)(yao)認真總結,因地制宜加(jia)以(yi)推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)。《意見》要(yao)(yao)求,推(tui)(tui)行“種植+”林(lin)牧漁,形成(cheng)林(lin)下種養、稻漁共生等業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態(tai)(tai),實現(xian)(xian)(xian)“內向”融(rong)合(he)(he)。推(tui)(tui)行“農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)+”加(jia)工流通,發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)中央廚(chu)房、直(zhi)供直(zhi)銷、會員農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)等業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態(tai)(tai),實現(xian)(xian)(xian)“順(shun)向”融(rong)合(he)(he)。推(tui)(tui)行“農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)+”文化、旅游、教育、康養等,發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)創意農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、親子體驗、功能農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)等業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態(tai)(tai),實現(xian)(xian)(xian)“橫向”融(rong)合(he)(he)。推(tui)(tui)進“農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)+”信息,發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)數字農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、智慧農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)等業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態(tai)(tai),實現(xian)(xian)(xian)“逆(ni)向”融(rong)合(he)(he)。

三是打造產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)合(he)載體促(cu)進(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)合(he)。針對(dui)鄉村產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)趨同性結構、分(fen)散化(hua)布局,造成資源浪(lang)費(fei)、環境污染等突出問(wen)題,建設(she)一(yi)(yi)批(pi)(pi)一(yi)(yi)二三產(chan)(chan)(chan)融(rong)(rong)合(he)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)加銷游一(yi)(yi)體、產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈條完整的現代農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)園(yuan)。打造一(yi)(yi)批(pi)(pi)特(te)而強、聚(ju)而合(he)、精而美的產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)集(ji)(ji)(ji)群(qun),將小(xiao)商品融(rong)(rong)入(ru)大(da)(da)市場、小(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶融(rong)(rong)入(ru)大(da)(da)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、小(xiao)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)入(ru)大(da)(da)集(ji)(ji)(ji)群(qun)。建設(she)一(yi)(yi)批(pi)(pi)標準原料(liao)基地、集(ji)(ji)(ji)約加工轉化(hua)、區域主導產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、緊密(mi)利益聯結于一(yi)(yi)體的農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)強鎮(zhen)。創建一(yi)(yi)批(pi)(pi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)合(he)發展(zhan)(zhan)示范園(yuan)。特(te)色小(xiao)鎮(zhen)建設(she)要(yao)立足產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)基礎(chu),促(cu)進(jin)要(yao)素聚(ju)集(ji)(ji)(ji)和功能拓展(zhan)(zhan),更好地服務農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)(zhan)、鄉村繁(fan)榮和農(nong)(nong)(nong)民富裕。

四(si)是完善利(li)益聯結(jie)(jie)機制促(cu)進農(nong)(nong)村(cun)產業(ye)融(rong)合(he)(he)。鄉村(cun)產業(ye)一(yi)個顯著特征是聯農(nong)(nong)帶農(nong)(nong),讓農(nong)(nong)民(min)分享更多(duo)增值收(shou)益。做(zuo)到這一(yi)點(dian),關鍵是健全利(li)益聯結(jie)(jie)機制,真正(zheng)實現利(li)益融(rong)合(he)(he)。引導新型(xing)(xing)經營(ying)主體與小農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)建立契約(yue)型(xing)(xing)、分紅型(xing)(xing)、股(gu)權型(xing)(xing)合(he)(he)作模式(shi)。推(tui)(tui)行“農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)+合(he)(he)作社”、“農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)+公司”等(deng)模式(shi),打通融(rong)合(he)(he)結(jie)(jie)點(dian)。《意(yi)見》要求(qiu),加快推(tui)(tui)廣“訂單收(shou)購+分紅”、“土地流轉+優(you)先雇(gu)用+社會保(bao)(bao)障”、“農(nong)(nong)民(min)入股(gu)+保(bao)(bao)底收(shou)益+按股(gu)分紅”等(deng)多(duo)種利(li)益聯結(jie)(jie)方式(shi)。此外,正(zheng)在(zai)(zai)開展土地經營(ying)權入股(gu)發(fa)展農(nong)(nong)業(ye)產業(ye)化經營(ying)試點(dian),真正(zheng)在(zai)(zai)股(gu)權層面實現利(li)益融(rong)合(he)(he),讓廣大農(nong)(nong)民(min)在(zai)(zai)融(rong)合(he)(he)發(fa)展中同(tong)步(bu)受益、同(tong)步(bu)提升(sheng)、同(tong)步(bu)發(fa)展。

問:綠色(se)(se)是鄉村產(chan)業發展的基(ji)本底色(se)(se),新(xin)時代背景下如(ru)何通過(guo)綠色(se)(se)興農增強鄉村產(chan)業持(chi)續(xu)增長力?

答:吸取過(guo)去鄉鎮企業粗放經營(ying)、浪費資源、污(wu)染(ran)環境的教訓,積極推進綠色興農。《意見》提出三個方(fang)面的要求。

一要以(yi)綠(lv)(lv)色標(biao)準體系引領鄉村產(chan)(chan)業(ye)綠(lv)(lv)色發(fa)展(zhan)。在梳理現(xian)有標(biao)準基礎(chu)上,按照綠(lv)(lv)色發(fa)展(zhan)要求(qiu),制修訂(ding)農(nong)業(ye)投入(ru)品、農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品加(jia)工業(ye)、農(nong)村新業(ye)態等方面的國(guo)家和(he)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)標(biao)準,建立統(tong)一的綠(lv)(lv)色農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品市場準入(ru)標(biao)準。同時,要積極參與國(guo)際(ji)標(biao)準制修訂(ding),推進(jin)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品認(ren)證結果互認(ren)。引導和(he)鼓勵農(nong)業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)獲得國(guo)際(ji)通行(xing)(xing)的農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品認(ren)證,拓(tuo)展(zhan)國(guo)際(ji)市場。

二要以標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)推進(jin)鄉村產(chan)(chan)(chan)業綠色(se)(se)(se)發(fa)展(zhan)。引(yin)導各類農業經(jing)營主體建(jian)設(she)(she)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)基地,特別是在(zai)國家(jia)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品質量(liang)安(an)全(quan)縣(xian)整縣(xian)推進(jin)全(quan)程標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan),建(jian)設(she)(she)一批綠色(se)(se)(se)糧倉、綠色(se)(se)(se)果(菜)園(yuan)、綠色(se)(se)(se)牧(漁(yu))場(chang),打造農業綠色(se)(se)(se)發(fa)展(zhan)先行區。要加強化(hua)肥、農藥(yao)、獸藥(yao)及飼料質量(liang)安(an)全(quan)管理(li),推進(jin)廢舊地膜和包(bao)裝(zhuang)廢棄物等(deng)回收處理(li),推行水產(chan)(chan)(chan)健康養殖。

三要強化(hua)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)保護(hu)利用促(cu)進鄉(xiang)村產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)綠色發展(zhan)。大力發展(zhan)節地(di)節能(neng)(neng)節水等資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)節約型產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)。強化(hua)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)保護(hu)利用、促(cu)進循環(huan)發展(zhan),推動形成(cheng)(cheng)綠色發展(zhan)方式,實現投入(ru)品減量化(hua)、生產(chan)(chan)清潔化(hua)、廢棄(qi)物資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)、產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)模式生態化(hua)。國家(jia)明令淘汰的(de)(de)落后(hou)產(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)、列入(ru)國家(jia)禁止類產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)目錄(lu)的(de)(de)、污染環(huan)境(jing)的(de)(de)項目,不得進入(ru)鄉(xiang)村,不再(zai)撿(jian)回落后(hou)的(de)(de)低(di)質(zhi)低(di)效生產(chan)(chan)。要推進種(zhong)養循環(huan)一(yi)體化(hua),支持秸稈和畜禽糞污資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)利用,推進加工副產(chan)(chan)物綜合利用,讓鄉(xiang)村產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)撬(qiao)動“綠水青山(shan)(shan)”轉化(hua)為(wei)“金山(shan)(shan)銀山(shan)(shan)”的(de)(de)“金杠桿”。

問(wen):目(mu)前(qian)大(da)眾創業(ye)、萬眾創新(xin)正(zheng)在向鄉村(cun)延伸(shen)拓展(zhan),如(ru)何推進農村(cun)創新(xin)創業(ye)增強(qiang)鄉村(cun)產業(ye)發展(zhan)新(xin)動能?

答:習近平總書記指出,充分激(ji)發鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)現有(you)人(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)活(huo)力,把(ba)更多城(cheng)市(shi)人(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)引(yin)進鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)。激(ji)勵各類人(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)在(zai)農(nong)村(cun)廣(guang)闊天地大(da)施(shi)所能、大(da)展才(cai)(cai)(cai)華、大(da)顯身手,打(da)造(zao)一支強大(da)的(de)(de)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)振(zhen)興人(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)隊伍,在(zai)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)形(xing)成人(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)、土地、資金、產(chan)業(ye)匯聚(ju)的(de)(de)良(liang)性循環。改(gai)革開放以(yi)來,農(nong)村(cun)經(jing)歷了(le)三(san)波(bo)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)熱潮。上世(shi)紀(ji)80年(nian)(nian)代,一批(pi)敢為人(ren)先(xian)、百折(zhe)不(bu)撓的(de)(de)農(nong)村(cun)能人(ren)紛紛登(deng)場,創(chuang)(chuang)辦農(nong)村(cun)二三(san)產(chan)業(ye)。上世(shi)紀(ji)90年(nian)(nian)代,農(nong)村(cun)青(qing)壯(zhuang)年(nian)(nian)就地就近創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)和進城(cheng)務工(gong)經(jing)商創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)。黨的(de)(de)十八大(da)以(yi)來,技術與產(chan)業(ye)交互聯動、深度融合,催生(sheng)了(le)大(da)批(pi)新(xin)產(chan)業(ye)新(xin)業(ye)態,大(da)批(pi)返(fan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)入鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)在(zai)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)人(ren)員利用在(zai)城(cheng)市(shi)積累(lei)的(de)(de)資金、技術、經(jing)驗和市(shi)場渠道,在(zai)農(nong)業(ye)內外、生(sheng)產(chan)兩端和城(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)兩頭(tou)創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye),形(xing)成第三(san)次創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)浪(lang)潮,正好與鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)產(chan)業(ye)振(zhen)興契(qi)合。促進鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)產(chan)業(ye)振(zhen)興,需(xu)要一大(da)批(pi)敢為人(ren)先(xian)、百折(zhe)不(bu)撓的(de)(de)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)者(zhe),形(xing)成蔚為壯(zhuang)觀的(de)(de)創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)奔富熱潮。

一是培育創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)創(chuang)業(ye)(ye)群體促進農(nong)(nong)村創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)業(ye)(ye)。《意見》強(qiang)調(diao),實施鄉(xiang)村就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)創(chuang)業(ye)(ye)促進行動(dong),落實創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)創(chuang)業(ye)(ye)扶持政策,以政策推動(dong)、鄉(xiang)情(qing)感動(dong)、項目帶動(dong),搭建(jian)能(neng)人(ren)返(fan)(fan)鄉(xiang)、企業(ye)(ye)興鄉(xiang)和(he)市民(min)下鄉(xiang)平臺,引(yin)導農(nong)(nong)民(min)工、大中專畢業(ye)(ye)生、退(tui)役(yi)軍人(ren)、科技人(ren)員(yuan)等返(fan)(fan)鄉(xiang)入(ru)鄉(xiang)人(ren)員(yuan)和(he)在(zai)鄉(xiang)“田秀才”“土專家”“鄉(xiang)創(chuang)客(ke)”創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)創(chuang)業(ye)(ye),把智創(chuang)、文創(chuang)、農(nong)(nong)創(chuang)引(yin)入(ru)鄉(xiang)村,加速資金、技術和(he)服(fu)務(wu)向鄉(xiang)村延伸,支持返(fan)(fan)鄉(xiang)入(ru)鄉(xiang)人(ren)員(yuan)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)創(chuang)業(ye)(ye),支持返(fan)(fan)鄉(xiang)農(nong)(nong)民(min)工到縣(xian)城(cheng)和(he)中心鎮就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)創(chuang)業(ye)(ye),引(yin)導農(nong)(nong)民(min)工在(zai)青壯(zhuang)年時(shi)返(fan)(fan)鄉(xiang)創(chuang)業(ye)(ye)。

二是(shi)搭建平臺(tai)(tai)(tai)載體(ti)促(cu)進農村創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業。《意見》提出,創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)建一批(pi)具有區域特色的農村創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業和實訓孵(fu)化基地(di)。積極搭建“互聯網(wang)+創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)”“生鮮(xian)電商+冷鏈(lian)宅(zhai)配”“中(zhong)央廚房+食材冷鏈(lian)配送”等平臺(tai)(tai)(tai),培育發(fa)展(zhan)網(wang)絡化、智能(neng)化、精細化現代鄉村產業發(fa)展(zhan)載體(ti),推(tui)行智能(neng)生產、經(jing)營(ying)平臺(tai)(tai)(tai)、物流終端、產業聯盟和資源(yuan)共享等新(xin)模式。

三是(shi)強化公(gong)共服(fu)務促(cu)進(jin)農(nong)村(cun)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)。這方(fang)(fang)面重點是(shi)兩個(ge)方(fang)(fang)面:一(yi)個(ge)是(shi),推動“放管服(fu)”改革,讓各類人(ren)才在鄉(xiang)村(cun)投(tou)資興(xing)業(ye)(ye)更加便(bian)捷、更加舒(shu)心。另一(yi)個(ge)是(shi),加強技術培訓。實(shi)施農(nong)村(cun)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)“百縣千鄉(xiang)萬名帶(dai)頭人(ren)”培育行動,培養一(yi)批農(nong)村(cun)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)導師和領軍人(ren)物。讓新(xin)(xin)(xin)農(nong)民(min)唱主角,舉辦新(xin)(xin)(xin)農(nong)民(min)新(xin)(xin)(xin)技術創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)博覽會(hui)以(yi)及農(nong)村(cun)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)大賽,宣傳推介創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)典型案例,讓創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造活力競相(xiang)迸發、一(yi)切(qie)資源要素充(chong)分涌(yong)流。

問(wen):鄉(xiang)村(cun)產業振興需要拿出“真金白銀(yin)”,如何強化鄉(xiang)村(cun)產業振興政(zheng)策保障(zhang)?

答:促進鄉村產業(ye)振興,需要(yao)強有(you)力(li)(li)的政策支持。《意見(jian)》要(yao)求(qiu)各(ge)地認真落實(shi)農業(ye)農村優先發展要(yao)求(qiu),要(yao)素(su)取(qu)之于(yu)農,優先用之于(yu)農,加(jia)大對鄉村產業(ye)的投(tou)資力(li)(li)度,在(zai)“錢、地、人”三方面打出(chu)政策“組合拳”,引導(dao)撬動各(ge)類資源(yuan)要(yao)素(su)加(jia)速向(xiang)鄉村產業(ye)集聚(ju)。

一(yi)是健全財政投入機制。《意見》要(yao)求,加強一(yi)般公共(gong)預算(suan)投入保障,提高(gao)土地出讓收入用(yong)于農(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)村的比(bi)例(li)。經(jing)測算(suan),這(zhe)一(yi)比(bi)例(li)的提高(gao),將會大幅度增加農(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)村投入。同時還要(yao)鼓勵有(you)條件的地方根據實(shi)際(ji)需要(yao)按市場(chang)化(hua)方式(shi)設立鄉(xiang)村產業(ye)(ye)發展基(ji)金。

二是創新鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)金(jin)融(rong)(rong)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)。《意(yi)見》要求,引(yin)導縣(xian)(xian)域(yu)金(jin)融(rong)(rong)機構將吸(xi)收的(de)存(cun)款(kuan)(kuan)主要用于當地(di)(di)。要推動農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)商(shang)業(ye)(ye)銀行、農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)合作(zuo)銀行、農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)信用社(she)逐步回歸本源,專注服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)本地(di)(di)、服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)縣(xian)(xian)域(yu)、服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)社(she)區,專注服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)“三農(nong)(nong)”和(he)小微企業(ye)(ye)。縣(xian)(xian)域(yu)金(jin)融(rong)(rong)機構要將吸(xi)收的(de)存(cun)款(kuan)(kuan)主要用于當地(di)(di),重點支持鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)產業(ye)(ye),這(zhe)是改(gai)變農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)存(cun)款(kuan)(kuan)流入城(cheng)市(shi)的(de)重要舉措。《意(yi)見》要求,發揮全國農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)信貸(dai)擔(dan)保體系作(zuo)用,通(tong)過實施擔(dan)保費(fei)用和(he)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)獎(jiang)補,加大(da)對符合條件的(de)鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)產業(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)項目融(rong)(rong)資擔(dan)保力度。鼓勵(li)地(di)(di)方通(tong)過實施擔(dan)保費(fei)用補助、業(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)獎(jiang)補等方式支持鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)產業(ye)(ye)貸(dai)款(kuan)(kuan)擔(dan)保。拓(tuo)寬擔(dan)保物范圍,允(yun)許權屬清晰的(de)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)承包土(tu)地(di)(di)經營權、農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)設施、農(nong)(nong)機具等依(yi)法抵押貸(dai)款(kuan)(kuan)。

三是有序(xu)引導工(gong)商資(zi)本下鄉。《意見》要(yao)求,鼓勵和引導工(gong)商資(zi)本到鄉村(cun)投資(zi)興業(ye),發展農(nong)(nong)民參與度高、受益面廣的鄉村(cun)產(chan)業(ye)。工(gong)商企業(ye)進入鄉村(cun),要(yao)依法依規開發利用(yong)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)資(zi)源,多(duo)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)一些農(nong)(nong)民辦(ban)(ban)(ban)不了、辦(ban)(ban)(ban)不好(hao)、辦(ban)(ban)(ban)了不合算的產(chan)業(ye)。不得違規占用(yong)農(nong)(nong)地(di)或耕地(di)從事非農(nong)(nong)產(chan)業(ye),不能(neng)興辦(ban)(ban)(ban)污染環境項目。

四是完善用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)保障政策。《意見》要求,完善用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)保障政策,在(zai)(zai)安排土(tu)地(di)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)年(nian)(nian)度計(ji)(ji)劃時,加大對(dui)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)業發展(zhan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)的(de)(de)傾斜支(zhi)(zhi)持力度。耕地(di)占補平衡以(yi)縣域自行(xing)(xing)平衡為主,在(zai)(zai)安排土(tu)地(di)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)年(nian)(nian)度計(ji)(ji)劃時,加大對(dui)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)業發展(zhan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)的(de)(de)傾斜支(zhi)(zhi)持力度。探索針對(dui)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)業的(de)(de)省(sheng)市(shi)縣聯動(dong)“點供”用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)。開(kai)展(zhan)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)集(ji)體經營(ying)性建(jian)設用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)入(ru)市(shi)改(gai)革(ge)。開(kai)展(zhan)縣域鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)土(tu)地(di)綜合整治(zhi),盤活建(jian)設用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)重(zhong)點用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)新產(chan)業新業態(tai)和返(fan)鄉(xiang)入(ru)鄉(xiang)創業。支(zhi)(zhi)持地(di)方政府發行(xing)(xing)一般(ban)債券(quan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于支(zhi)(zhi)持鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)振興領(ling)域的(de)(de)純公益(yi)性項(xiang)目(mu)建(jian)設。鼓勵(li)地(di)方政府發行(xing)(xing)項(xiang)目(mu)融(rong)資和收(shou)益(yi)自平衡的(de)(de)專(zhuan)項(xiang)債券(quan),支(zhi)(zhi)持符合條件、有一定(ding)收(shou)益(yi)的(de)(de)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)公益(yi)性項(xiang)目(mu)建(jian)設。

五(wu)是健全(quan)人才保(bao)障機制。《意見》要(yao)求,健全(quan)人才保(bao)障機制,引(yin)導各類人才到鄉村(cun)興辦產業(ye)。加大(da)農民技能培(pei)訓(xun)力度,支持(chi)職(zhi)業(ye)院(yuan)校擴(kuo)大(da)農村(cun)定向(xiang)招生。深化農業(ye)系(xi)列職(zhi)稱(cheng)制度改(gai)革,開展面向(xiang)農技推廣(guang)人員(yuan)、鄉土人才的評審。支持(chi)科技人員(yuan)以科技成果入(ru)股農業(ye)企業(ye),建立健全(quan)科研人員(yuan)校企、院(yuan)企共建雙(shuang)聘(pin)機制,實行(xing)股權分紅等激(ji)勵措施。

問(wen):如何強(qiang)化鄉村產(chan)業振(zhen)興組織(zhi)保(bao)障?

答(da):《意見》要(yao)求,落實(shi)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)業振(zhen)興領(ling)導(dao)責(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)制(zhi),實(shi)行(xing)中央統(tong)(tong)籌(chou)、省負(fu)總(zong)責(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)、市(shi)縣(xian)抓(zhua)(zhua)落實(shi)的(de)(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)機制(zhi),黨(dang)(dang)(dang)委(wei)(wei)和(he)政(zheng)(zheng)府一把(ba)手是第一責(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)人,五級(ji)(ji)書記抓(zhua)(zhua)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)業振(zhen)興。各(ge)級(ji)(ji)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)委(wei)(wei)和(he)政(zheng)(zheng)府主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)領(ling)導(dao)要(yao)切(qie)實(shi)擔負(fu)起推進鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)業振(zhen)興的(de)(de)領(ling)導(dao)責(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren),健全黨(dang)(dang)(dang)委(wei)(wei)統(tong)(tong)一領(ling)導(dao)、政(zheng)(zheng)府負(fu)責(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)、黨(dang)(dang)(dang)委(wei)(wei)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)工作(zuo)(zuo)部門(men)(men)統(tong)(tong)籌(chou)協(xie)(xie)調的(de)(de)領(ling)導(dao)體制(zhi),把(ba)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)管農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)工作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)要(yao)求落到實(shi)處。各(ge)級(ji)(ji)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)委(wei)(wei)和(he)政(zheng)(zheng)府分(fen)管負(fu)責(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)同(tong)志是直(zhi)接責(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)人,要(yao)切(qie)實(shi)扛(kang)起推進鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)業發展(zhan)的(de)(de)任(ren)務,真正成為(wei)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)業工作(zuo)(zuo)行(xing)家里(li)手。各(ge)級(ji)(ji)農(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)部門(men)(men)要(yao)切(qie)實(shi)履行(xing)好牽(qian)頭抓(zhua)(zhua)總(zong)職(zhi)責(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),加強(qiang)對(dui)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)業發展(zhan)的(de)(de)統(tong)(tong)籌(chou)協(xie)(xie)調。建立健全縣(xian)(市(shi))委(wei)(wei)政(zheng)(zheng)府負(fu)責(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)、鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)主(zhu)(zhu)抓(zhua)(zhua)、村(cun)(cun)組(zu)落實(shi)的(de)(de)推進機制(zhi)。農(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)部門(men)(men)要(yao)與(yu)發改、財政(zheng)(zheng)、工信(xin)、住(zhu)建、交通(tong)、文(wen)旅、自然資(zi)源(yuan)、生態(tai)環保、市(shi)場監管等部門(men)(men)形成合(he)力,建立農(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)部門(men)(men)牽(qian)頭抓(zhua)(zhua)總(zong)、各(ge)部門(men)(men)協(xie)(xie)同(tong)配合(he)、社(she)會力量積極(ji)支持、農(nong)(nong)民群眾廣泛參與(yu)的(de)(de)協(xie)(xie)調機制(zhi)。

問:如何建立鄉村產業考核(he)制度?

答:鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)產業振興(xing)長遠的(de)(de)(de)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)是,健全完備的(de)(de)(de)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)產業體(ti)系(xi),推動形(xing)成城(cheng)鄉(xiang)融(rong)合發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)格局。短(duan)期的(de)(de)(de)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)是,增強供(gong)給側結(jie)構適應性,綠色(se)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)模式更(geng)加(jia)成形(xing),鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)就業結(jie)構更(geng)加(jia)優化。《意見》要求,抓緊研究制(zhi)(zhi)定農(nong)村(cun)(cun)一二(er)三產業融(rong)合發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)評價指標(biao)(biao)體(ti)系(xi)和(he)考核機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi),科學評估鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)產業發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)成效,支持(chi)地方(fang)把(ba)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)一二(er)三產業融(rong)合發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)評價指標(biao)(biao)作為(wei)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)振興(xing)的(de)(de)(de)重要指標(biao)(biao),定期分析評估。