據(ju)財政(zheng)部網站(zhan)消息，財政(zheng)部等四(si)部門日(ri)前印發(fa)(fa)了《關(guan)于加(jia)快農業(ye)(ye)保(bao)險(xian)高質量發(fa)(fa)展的指導意(yi)見(jian)》(下簡(jian)稱《意(yi)見(jian)》)。《意(yi)見(jian)》提出(chu)，到(dao)2022年(nian)，基(ji)本建成功能完(wan)善、運行規范(fan)、基(ji)礎完(wan)備，與農業(ye)(ye)農村現代(dai)化發(fa)(fa)展階段(duan)相適應、與農戶風險(xian)保(bao)障需求相契合(he)、中央與地方(fang)分工負責的多層(ceng)次農業(ye)(ye)保(bao)險(xian)體系(xi)。稻谷、小麥(mai)、玉(yu)米(mi)3大(da)主(zhu)糧作物(wu)農業(ye)(ye)保(bao)險(xian)覆(fu)蓋(gai)率達到(dao)70%以上。

意見稱，農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)保險作為分散農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)生產(chan)經營風(feng)險的重(zhong)要手段，對推(tui)進現(xian)代(dai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)、促進鄉村產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)振興、改進農(nong)(nong)村社會治理(li)、保障農(nong)(nong)民收益等具有(you)(you)重(zhong)要作用(yong)。近年來，在黨中央、國務院正確領導下，各(ge)地區、各(ge)有(you)(you)關部門積極推(tui)動農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)保險發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，不斷健全農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)保險政策(ce)體系，取得(de)了明顯(xian)成效。但農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)保險發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)仍(reng)面臨一些困難和問(wen)題，與服務“三農(nong)(nong)”的實(shi)際需求相比仍(reng)有(you)(you)較大(da)差距。

意見明(ming)確了兩個(ge)主要目標(biao)：到2022年，基(ji)本(ben)建成功能完善、運(yun)行規范、基(ji)礎完備，與農業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農村現代化發展(zhan)階段相適應(ying)、與農戶風(feng)險保(bao)障需(xu)求(qiu)相契合、中央與地方(fang)分工負責的多層(ceng)次農業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)保(bao)險體(ti)系。稻谷、小麥、玉米3大主糧作物(wu)農業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)保(bao)險覆蓋率達到70%以上，收入保(bao)險成為(wei)我國(guo)農業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)保(bao)險的重(zhong)要險種(zhong)，農業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)保(bao)險深度(du)(保(bao)費(fei)/第一產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)增加值(zhi))達到1%，農業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)保(bao)險密度(du)(保(bao)費(fei)/農業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)從(cong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)口(kou))達到500元/人(ren)。

到2030年，農業保(bao)險(xian)持續(xu)提質(zhi)增效、轉型升(sheng)級，總體發展基本(ben)達到國際先進(jin)水平，實現補貼有效率、產業有保(bao)障、農民得實惠、機構可持續(xu)的多(duo)贏格局。

意見(jian)提出(chu)，要擴大(da)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)覆(fu)蓋面。推(tui)進政策性農(nong)業(ye)(ye)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)改革試(shi)點(dian)，在增(zeng)強農(nong)業(ye)(ye)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)產(chan)品(pin)內在吸引力的(de)(de)基礎上，結合實(shi)施重(zhong)要農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障戰略，穩步擴大(da)關系國計民生(sheng)和(he)(he)(he)國家糧(liang)食安全的(de)(de)大(da)宗農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)覆(fu)蓋面，提高(gao)小(xiao)農(nong)戶農(nong)業(ye)(ye)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)投保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)率，實(shi)現愿保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)盡保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。探(tan)索依托養殖企業(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)(he)規(gui)模養殖場(戶)創新養殖保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)模式(shi)和(he)(he)(he)財政支持方式(shi)，提高(gao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)機構開(kai)展養殖保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)積(ji)極性。鼓勵各地(di)因地(di)制(zhi)宜(yi)開(kai)展優勢特色農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，逐步提高(gao)其占(zhan)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)比重(zhong)。適(shi)時調整(zheng)完善森林和(he)(he)(he)草原保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)制(zhi)度(du)，制(zhi)定相關管理辦法。

要提高農(nong)業(ye)保(bao)(bao)險保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)水平(ping)(ping)。結合農(nong)業(ye)產業(ye)結構調整和生產成本(ben)變動，建立農(nong)業(ye)保(bao)(bao)險保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)水平(ping)(ping)動態(tai)調整機(ji)制(zhi)，在覆蓋農(nong)業(ye)生產直接物化成本(ben)的基礎上，擴大農(nong)業(ye)大災(zai)保(bao)(bao)險試點，逐步提高保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)水平(ping)(ping)。推進(jin)稻(dao)谷、小麥(mai)、玉米完全成本(ben)保(bao)(bao)險和收(shou)入(ru)保(bao)(bao)險試點，推動農(nong)業(ye)保(bao)(bao)險“保(bao)(bao)價格(ge)、保(bao)(bao)收(shou)入(ru)”，防(fang)范自然災(zai)害和市場變動雙重風險。穩(wen)妥有序推進(jin)收(shou)入(ru)保(bao)(bao)險，促進(jin)農(nong)戶收(shou)入(ru)穩(wen)定。

意見指出，明晰政(zheng)(zheng)府與(yu)市(shi)場邊界。地(di)方各級政(zheng)(zheng)府不(bu)參與(yu)農業(ye)(ye)保(bao)險(xian)的具體經(jing)營。在充分(fen)尊重保(bao)險(xian)機構產品(pin)開發、精算定價(jia)、承保(bao)理(li)賠等(deng)(deng)經(jing)營自主權的基礎上，通過(guo)給(gei)予必要(yao)的保(bao)費補貼、大災賠付、提供(gong)信息數據(ju)等(deng)(deng)支持，調動市(shi)場主體積極性。基層政(zheng)(zheng)府部門和相關單位可以按(an)照有關規定，協助辦(ban)理(li)農業(ye)(ye)保(bao)險(xian)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)。

要(yao)完(wan)善大災(zai)風險(xian)分散(san)機(ji)(ji)制。加快建立(li)財政支(zhi)持的(de)多方參與、風險(xian)共擔、多層分散(san)的(de)農(nong)業(ye)保(bao)險(xian)大災(zai)風險(xian)分散(san)機(ji)(ji)制。落實農(nong)業(ye)保(bao)險(xian)大災(zai)風險(xian)準(zhun)備金制度，增強保(bao)險(xian)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)應對農(nong)業(ye)大災(zai)風險(xian)能力。增加農(nong)業(ye)再(zai)(zai)保(bao)險(xian)供給(gei)，擴(kuo)大農(nong)業(ye)再(zai)(zai)保(bao)險(xian)承保(bao)能力，完(wan)善再(zai)(zai)保(bao)險(xian)體系和分保(bao)機(ji)(ji)制。合(he)理界(jie)定(ding)(ding)保(bao)險(xian)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)與再(zai)(zai)保(bao)險(xian)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)的(de)市場定(ding)(ding)位，明(ming)確劃分中央和地方各自承擔的(de)責任與義務。

意(yi)見(jian)還(huan)提(ti)到了清(qing)理(li)規(gui)范農(nong)業保險(xian)市(shi)場。加強財政補貼資(zi)金監管，對騙取(qu)財政補貼資(zi)金的保險(xian)機構，依法予以(yi)處理(li)，實(shi)行(xing)失信聯合懲戒。進一步規(gui)范農(nong)業保險(xian)市(shi)場秩(zhi)序，降低(di)農(nong)業保險(xian)運(yun)行(xing)成(cheng)本，加大(da)對保險(xian)機構資(zi)本不(bu)實(shi)、大(da)災風險(xian)安(an)排不(bu)足、虛假承保、虛假理(li)賠等處罰力度，對未(wei)達到基(ji)本經營要(yao)求、存在重大(da)違規(gui)行(xing)為和重大(da)風險(xian)隱患的保險(xian)機構，堅決(jue)依法清(qing)退出農(nong)業保險(xian)市(shi)場。