◆1.種糧直補政策
2014年(nian),中央(yang)財(cai)政將繼續實行種糧(liang)農民(min)直接(jie)補(bu)貼,補(bu)貼資(zi)金原則上(shang)要求發放給(gei)從事糧(liang)食生產的農民(min),具體由各省級人民(min)政府(fu)根(gen)據實際情況確定。2014年(nian)1月(yue)份,中央(yang)財(cai)政已向各省(區、市)預撥2014年(nian)種糧(liang)直補(bu)資(zi)金151億元。
◆2.農資(zi)綜合(he)補貼政策
2014年,中(zhong)央財政將繼續實行種(zhong)糧農民農資(zi)綜(zong)合(he)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie),補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)資(zi)金按(an)照動(dong)態調整制度,根(gen)據化肥、柴油等(deng)農資(zi)價(jia)格變動(dong),遵循“價(jia)補(bu)(bu)統籌(chou)、動(dong)態調整、只(zhi)增不減(jian)”的(de)原則及時安(an)排和增加補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)資(zi)金,合(he)理彌補(bu)(bu)種(zhong)糧農民增加的(de)農業(ye)生產資(zi)料成本。2014年1月份,中(zhong)央財政已(yi)向各(ge)省(區、市(shi))預撥2014年農資(zi)綜(zong)合(he)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)資(zi)金1071億元。
◆3.良種補貼政策
2014年(nian),農作(zuo)物(wu)良種(zhong)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)政策對水稻(dao)、小(xiao)(xiao)麥(mai)、玉米(mi)、棉(mian)花(hua)、東北和(he)內蒙古的(de)大豆、長江(jiang)流域10個(ge)省(市)和(he)河南信陽、陜西漢中和(he)安(an)康地(di)區(qu)的(de)冬油(you)菜(cai)(cai)、藏區(qu)青稞(ke)實行(xing)全覆蓋(gai),并對馬鈴薯(shu)和(he)花(hua)生在主產(chan)區(qu)開展試(shi)點(dian)。小(xiao)(xiao)麥(mai)、玉米(mi)、大豆、油(you)菜(cai)(cai)、青稞(ke)每畝補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)10元(yuan)。其(qi)中,新疆(jiang)地(di)區(qu)的(de)小(xiao)(xiao)麥(mai)良種(zhong)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)15元(yuan);水稻(dao)、棉(mian)花(hua)每畝補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)15元(yuan);馬鈴薯(shu)一、二級(ji)種(zhong)薯(shu)每畝補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)100元(yuan);花(hua)生良種(zhong)繁(fan)育每畝補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)50元(yuan)、大田生產(chan)每畝補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)10元(yuan)。水稻(dao)、玉米(mi)、油(you)菜(cai)(cai)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)采(cai)取現金(jin)直接補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)方式,小(xiao)(xiao)麥(mai)、大豆、棉(mian)花(hua)可(ke)采(cai)取現金(jin)直接補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)或差價(jia)購種(zhong)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)方式,具體由各(ge)省(區(qu)、市)按照簡(jian)單(dan)便民的(de)原則自行(xing)確定。
◆4.農機購置補貼政策
2014年,農(nong)(nong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)購置(zhi)補(bu)(bu)(bu)貼范圍(wei)繼續覆蓋全國所(suo)有農(nong)(nong)牧業縣(場),補(bu)(bu)(bu)貼對象(xiang)為納入實(shi)(shi)施范圍(wei)并(bing)符合(he)補(bu)(bu)(bu)貼條(tiao)件的(de)農(nong)(nong)牧漁民(min)、農(nong)(nong)場(林場)職工、農(nong)(nong)民(min)合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)社和(he)(he)從事農(nong)(nong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)作(zuo)(zuo)業的(de)農(nong)(nong)業生產經(jing)營組織(zhi)。補(bu)(bu)(bu)貼機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)具種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)(lei)(lei)涵蓋12大(da)(da)類(lei)(lei)(lei)48個(ge)小類(lei)(lei)(lei)175個(ge)品(pin)目,在(zai)此基礎上各省(區(qu)、市)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)在(zai)12大(da)(da)類(lei)(lei)(lei)內自行(xing)(xing)(xing)增加(jia)不(bu)超過(guo)30個(ge)其他(ta)品(pin)目的(de)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)具列入中央(yang)資金(jin)補(bu)(bu)(bu)貼范圍(wei)。中央(yang)財政(zheng)農(nong)(nong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)購置(zhi)補(bu)(bu)(bu)貼資金(jin)實(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)定額(e)補(bu)(bu)(bu)貼,即同一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)(lei)(lei)、同一(yi)(yi)(yi)檔(dang)次(ci)農(nong)(nong)業機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)在(zai)省域內實(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)統(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)補(bu)(bu)(bu)貼標準。一(yi)(yi)(yi)般機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)具單(dan)(dan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)補(bu)(bu)(bu)貼限(xian)額(e)不(bu)超過(guo)5萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan);擠奶機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)、烘干機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)單(dan)(dan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)補(bu)(bu)(bu)貼限(xian)額(e)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)到(dao)12萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan);100馬力以(yi)上大(da)(da)型(xing)(xing)(xing)拖(tuo)拉(la)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)性能青(qing)飼料收獲(huo)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、大(da)(da)型(xing)(xing)(xing)免耕(geng)播種(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、大(da)(da)型(xing)(xing)(xing)聯合(he)收割機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、水(shui)稻大(da)(da)型(xing)(xing)(xing)浸(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)催(cui)芽(ya)程控(kong)設備單(dan)(dan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)補(bu)(bu)(bu)貼限(xian)額(e)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)到(dao)15萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan);200馬力以(yi)上拖(tuo)拉(la)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)單(dan)(dan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)補(bu)(bu)(bu)貼限(xian)額(e)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)到(dao)25萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan);甘蔗收獲(huo)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)單(dan)(dan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)補(bu)(bu)(bu)貼限(xian)額(e)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)到(dao)20萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan),廣西壯族自治區(qu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)到(dao)25萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan);大(da)(da)型(xing)(xing)(xing)棉花采摘機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)單(dan)(dan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)補(bu)(bu)(bu)貼限(xian)額(e)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)到(dao)30萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan),新疆維吾爾自治區(qu)和(he)(he)新疆生產建設兵團可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)到(dao)40萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)。不(bu)允(yun)許對省內外企(qi)業生產的(de)同類(lei)(lei)(lei)產品(pin)實(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)差別對待。同時在(zai)部分地區(qu)開展農(nong)(nong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)深松(song)整地作(zuo)(zuo)業補(bu)(bu)(bu)助試點工作(zuo)(zuo)。
◆5.農(nong)機報廢更(geng)新(xin)補貼(tie)試點政策
2014年繼續(xu)在山(shan)西、江(jiang)蘇、浙(zhe)江(jiang)、安(an)徽、山(shan)東(dong)、河南(nan)、新(xin)(xin)疆、寧波、青島、新(xin)(xin)疆生產建設(she)兵團(tuan)、黑(hei)龍江(jiang)省農(nong)墾(ken)總局開展農(nong)機(ji)(ji)報(bao)(bao)(bao)廢更(geng)新(xin)(xin)補(bu)貼(tie)試點(dian)工(gong)作。農(nong)機(ji)(ji)報(bao)(bao)(bao)廢更(geng)新(xin)(xin)補(bu)貼(tie)與(yu)農(nong)機(ji)(ji)購置補(bu)貼(tie)相(xiang)銜接,同步(bu)實施。報(bao)(bao)(bao)廢機(ji)(ji)具種類(lei)(lei)主要是已在農(nong)業機(ji)(ji)械安(an)全監理機(ji)(ji)構登記,并達(da)到(dao)報(bao)(bao)(bao)廢標準或(huo)超過報(bao)(bao)(bao)廢年限(xian)的拖拉機(ji)(ji)和聯(lian)合(he)收(shou)割機(ji)(ji)。農(nong)機(ji)(ji)報(bao)(bao)(bao)廢更(geng)新(xin)(xin)補(bu)貼(tie)標準按(an)報(bao)(bao)(bao)廢拖拉機(ji)(ji)、聯(lian)合(he)收(shou)割機(ji)(ji)的機(ji)(ji)型(xing)和類(lei)(lei)別確定,拖拉機(ji)(ji)根據馬力段(duan)的不(bu)同補(bu)貼(tie)額從(cong)500元到(dao)1.1萬(wan)元不(bu)等,聯(lian)合(he)收(shou)割機(ji)(ji)根據喂(wei)入量(或(huo)收(shou)割行數)的不(bu)同分為3000元到(dao)1.8萬(wan)元不(bu)等。
◆6.新增補貼向糧食等重要農產(chan)品(pin)、新型農業經營主體、主產(chan)區(qu)傾斜政策
國家(jia)將加大(da)(da)對專(zhuan)業大(da)(da)戶(hu)、家(jia)庭(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)場(chang)和(he)農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)合(he)作社(she)等新型農(nong)(nong)業經營(ying)(ying)主體(ti)的支持(chi)力度(du),實行新增(zeng)補貼向專(zhuan)業大(da)(da)戶(hu)、家(jia)庭(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)場(chang)和(he)農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)合(he)作社(she)傾斜政(zheng)(zheng)策。鼓(gu)勵和(he)支持(chi)承包土地(di)向專(zhuan)業大(da)(da)戶(hu)、家(jia)庭(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)場(chang)、農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)合(he)作社(she)流轉(zhuan),發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)多(duo)種形式的適度(du)規模經營(ying)(ying)。鼓(gu)勵有條件的地(di)方建立家(jia)庭(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)場(chang)登記(ji)(ji)制度(du),明確認定標準、登記(ji)(ji)辦(ban)法(fa)(fa)、扶(fu)持(chi)政(zheng)(zheng)策。探索開展(zhan)(zhan)家(jia)庭(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)場(chang)統計和(he)家(jia)庭(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)場(chang)經營(ying)(ying)者培訓(xun)工(gong)作。推(tui)動相關部門采(cai)取獎勵補助(zhu)等多(duo)種辦(ban)法(fa)(fa),扶(fu)持(chi)家(jia)庭(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)場(chang)健康(kang)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。
◆7.提高(gao)小(xiao)麥、水稻最低(di)收(shou)購價政策
為保護農民(min)種(zhong)糧積極性,促(cu)進糧食(shi)(shi)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)發展,國家繼續在(zai)糧食(shi)(shi)主產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)實行(xing)最低(di)收(shou)(shou)購價(jia)政(zheng)策,并適(shi)當(dang)提(ti)高(gao)2014年糧食(shi)(shi)最低(di)收(shou)(shou)購價(jia)水(shui)平。2014年生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)的小麥(mai)(三等)最低(di)收(shou)(shou)購價(jia)提(ti)高(gao)到(dao)每50公斤(jin)118元(yuan),比2013年提(ti)高(gao)6元(yuan),提(ti)價(jia)幅(fu)度(du)為5.4%;2014年生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)的早秈(xian)稻(dao)(三等,下(xia)同)、中晚秈(xian)稻(dao)和(he)粳稻(dao)最低(di)收(shou)(shou)購價(jia)格分(fen)(fen)別(bie)提(ti)高(gao)到(dao)每50公斤(jin)135元(yuan)、138元(yuan)和(he)155元(yuan),比2013年分(fen)(fen)別(bie)提(ti)高(gao)3元(yuan)、3元(yuan)和(he)5元(yuan),提(ti)價(jia)幅(fu)度(du)分(fen)(fen)別(bie)為2.3%、2.2%和(he)3.3%。繼續執行(xing)玉米、油菜籽、食(shi)(shi)糖臨時(shi)收(shou)(shou)儲(chu)政(zheng)策。
◆8.產糧(油)大縣(xian)獎勵政策(ce)
為(wei)改(gai)善和(he)增強(qiang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)縣(xian)(xian)財(cai)(cai)(cai)力狀況(kuang),調動地方(fang)政(zheng)(zheng)府重(zhong)農抓糧(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)積(ji)極性,2005年中(zhong)央(yang)財(cai)(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)出(chu)臺了產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)縣(xian)(xian)獎(jiang)(jiang)勵(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)。2013年,中(zhong)央(yang)財(cai)(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)安排(pai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(油)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)縣(xian)(xian)獎(jiang)(jiang)勵(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)資(zi)(zi)金320億元,具體獎(jiang)(jiang)勵(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)辦法(fa)是依據近年全(quan)國各縣(xian)(xian)級(ji)行政(zheng)(zheng)單位糧(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)食(shi)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)情(qing)況(kuang),測算獎(jiang)(jiang)勵(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)到縣(xian)(xian)。對(dui)常(chang)規(gui)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)縣(xian)(xian),主(zhu)要依據2006-2010年五年平均(jun)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)食(shi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)于(yu)4億斤,且商品(pin)(pin)量(liang)(扣除口糧(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)、飼料(liao)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)、種(zhong)子用糧(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)測算)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)于(yu)1000萬(wan)斤來確定;對(dui)雖未達到上述(shu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun),但(dan)在主(zhu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)或商品(pin)(pin)量(liang)列前(qian)15位,非主(zhu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)列前(qian)5位的(de)(de)(de)(de)縣(xian)(xian)也可(ke)納入獎(jiang)(jiang)勵(li)(li)(li)(li)(li);上述(shu)兩項標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)外,每個(ge)省(sheng)份(fen)還可(ke)以確定1個(ge)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)潛力大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)、對(dui)地區(qu)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)食(shi)安全(quan)貢獻突出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)縣(xian)(xian)納入獎(jiang)(jiang)勵(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)范圍。在常(chang)規(gui)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)縣(xian)(xian)獎(jiang)(jiang)勵(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)基(ji)礎上,中(zhong)央(yang)財(cai)(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)對(dui)2006-2010年五年平均(jun)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)食(shi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)或商品(pin)(pin)量(liang)分別列全(quan)國前(qian)100名的(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)縣(xian)(xian),作為(wei)超(chao)級(ji)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)縣(xian)(xian)給(gei)予(yu)重(zhong)點獎(jiang)(jiang)勵(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。獎(jiang)(jiang)勵(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)資(zi)(zi)金繼續采(cai)用因素(su)法(fa)分配,糧(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)食(shi)商品(pin)(pin)量(liang)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)和(he)播種(zhong)面積(ji)權重(zhong)分別為(wei)60%、20%、20%,常(chang)規(gui)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)縣(xian)(xian)獎(jiang)(jiang)勵(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)資(zi)(zi)金與省(sheng)級(ji)財(cai)(cai)(cai)力狀況(kuang)掛(gua)鉤(gou),不同(tong)地區(qu)采(cai)用不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)獎(jiang)(jiang)勵(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)系數(shu),產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)縣(xian)(xian)獎(jiang)(jiang)勵(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)資(zi)(zi)金由中(zhong)央(yang)財(cai)(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)測算分配到縣(xian)(xian),常(chang)規(gui)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)縣(xian)(xian)獎(jiang)(jiang)勵(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)為(wei)500-8000萬(wan)元,獎(jiang)(jiang)勵(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)資(zi)(zi)金作為(wei)一般性轉(zhuan)移支付,由縣(xian)(xian)級(ji)人民政(zheng)(zheng)府統籌(chou)使用,超(chao)級(ji)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)縣(xian)(xian)獎(jiang)(jiang)勵(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)資(zi)(zi)金用于(yu)扶持糧(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)食(shi)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)和(he)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。在獎(jiang)(jiang)勵(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)縣(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)時,中(zhong)央(yang)財(cai)(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)對(dui)13個(ge)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)食(shi)主(zhu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)前(qian)5位超(chao)級(ji)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)省(sheng)給(gei)予(yu)重(zhong)點獎(jiang)(jiang)勵(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),其(qi)余給(gei)予(yu)適當(dang)獎(jiang)(jiang)勵(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),獎(jiang)(jiang)勵(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)資(zi)(zi)金由省(sheng)級(ji)財(cai)(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)用于(yu)支持本(ben)省(sheng)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)食(shi)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)和(he)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。
產油(you)大縣(xian)獎(jiang)勵(li)(li)(li)由省級人民政(zheng)府按(an)照“突出重(zhong)點品種、獎(jiang)勵(li)(li)(li)重(zhong)點縣(xian)(市)”的(de)原則確定,中央財政(zheng)根據2008-2010年分(fen)省分(fen)品種油(you)料(含油(you)料作物、大豆、棉(mian)籽、油(you)茶籽)產量(liang)及折油(you)脂比(bi)率,測算各省(區、市)三年平均油(you)脂產量(liang),作為(wei)獎(jiang)勵(li)(li)(li)因(yin)素;油(you)菜籽增加獎(jiang)勵(li)(li)(li)系數20%,大豆已(yi)納(na)入產糧大縣(xian)獎(jiang)勵(li)(li)(li)的(de)繼續予(yu)以獎(jiang)勵(li)(li)(li);入圍縣(xian)享(xiang)受獎(jiang)勵(li)(li)(li)資金不得低于100萬元,獎(jiang)勵(li)(li)(li)資金全(quan)部用于扶持油(you)料生(sheng)產和(he)產業發展。
2014年,中央(yang)財政將繼續加大產(chan)糧(liang)(油)大縣獎勵(li)力度。
◆9.生豬大(da)縣獎勵政策
為(wei)調動地方政府發展生(sheng)豬(zhu)養(yang)殖積(ji)極性,2013年中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)財政安排獎勵資金35億元(yuan),專(zhuan)項用(yong)于(yu)發展生(sheng)豬(zhu)生(sheng)產(chan),具體包括規模化(hua)生(sheng)豬(zhu)養(yang)殖戶(場)圈舍改造、良種引進(jin)、糞污(wu)處理的(de)支出(chu),以及(ji)保險(xian)保費補助、貸款貼息、防疫服務費用(yong)支出(chu)等。獎勵資金按照“引導生(sheng)產(chan)、多調多獎、直撥到縣、專(zhuan)項使用(yong)”的(de)原則,依據生(sheng)豬(zhu)調出(chu)量(liang)(liang)、出(chu)欄量(liang)(liang)和存欄量(liang)(liang)權重分別為(wei)50%、25%、25%進(jin)行(xing)測算。2014年中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)財政繼續實施(shi)生(sheng)豬(zhu)調出(chu)大縣獎勵。
◆10.農產品(pin)目標價格(ge)政策
2014年(nian)(nian),國家繼續堅(jian)持(chi)市場定價(jia)(jia)原則,探索(suo)推(tui)進(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)形成機制與(yu)政府補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)脫鉤(gou)的改(gai)革,逐步(bu)建立農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品目標(biao)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)制度,在(zai)市場價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)過高(gao)時(shi)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)低收入消費者(zhe),在(zai)市場價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)低于(yu)目標(biao)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)時(shi)按差價(jia)(jia)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)者(zhe),切實保證農(nong)(nong)(nong)民收益。2014年(nian)(nian),啟動東(dong)北和內蒙(meng)古大(da)豆、新疆棉花目標(biao)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)試點(dian),探索(suo)糧(liang)食、生(sheng)豬等農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品目標(biao)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)保險試點(dian),開展(zhan)糧(liang)食生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)規模經(jing)營主體營銷(xiao)貸款試點(dian)。
◆11.農(nong)業防災(zai)減災(zai)穩產(chan)增產(chan)關鍵技術補助政策
2013年,中央財(cai)政安排農業防災(zai)減災(zai)穩產(chan)增產(chan)關鍵技術補(bu)(bu)(bu)助(zhu)(zhu)60.5億元,在主產(chan)省實現了小(xiao)麥“一噴三防”全覆蓋,在西(xi)北實施地膜覆蓋等旱作農業技術補(bu)(bu)(bu)助(zhu)(zhu),在東北秋糧和南(nan)方水稻實行(xing)綜合施肥促早熟補(bu)(bu)(bu)助(zhu)(zhu),針(zhen)對(dui)南(nan)方高溫干旱和洪澇災(zai)害(hai)(hai)安排了恢復(fu)農業生(sheng)產(chan)補(bu)(bu)(bu)助(zhu)(zhu),大力推(tui)廣農作物病蟲害(hai)(hai)專(zhuan)業化統防統治(zhi),對(dui)于預(yu)防區域性自然災(zai)害(hai)(hai)、及時挽(wan)回災(zai)害(hai)(hai)損失(shi)發揮了重要作用。2014年,中央財(cai)政將繼續加大相關補(bu)(bu)(bu)助(zhu)(zhu)力度,積(ji)極推(tui)動實際效果顯著的關鍵技術補(bu)(bu)(bu)助(zhu)(zhu)常(chang)態(tai)化。
◆12.深(shen)入推進(jin)糧棉油糖高產創建支持政策
2013年,中央財政安(an)(an)排專項(xiang)資金20億元(yuan),在全國建設12500個(ge)萬畝示范(fan)片,并選擇(ze)5個(ge)市(地(di))、81個(ge)縣(市)、600個(ge)鄉(鎮)開展(zhan)整(zheng)建制推進高(gao)產(chan)(chan)創建試(shi)點。2014年,國家將繼續安(an)(an)排20億元(yuan)專項(xiang)資金支持糧棉油糖高(gao)產(chan)(chan)創建和整(zheng)建制推進試(shi)點,并在此基礎上(shang)開展(zhan)糧食(shi)增產(chan)(chan)模式攻(gong)關,集成推廣(guang)區域(yu)(yu)性、標準化高(gao)產(chan)(chan)高(gao)效技(ji)術模式,輻射帶動區域(yu)(yu)均衡增產(chan)(chan)。
◆13.園(yuan)藝作(zuo)物標(biao)準園(yuan)創建支持政策
2014年(nian),繼續推(tui)進(jin)(jin)園(yuan)藝(yi)作(zuo)物(wu)標(biao)準園(yuan)創(chuang)建工作(zuo),并已按(an)照2013年(nian)資金規(gui)模的70%撥付地方(fang)。繼續抓好(hao)(hao)(hao)蔬菜(cai)、水果、茶(cha)葉標(biao)準園(yuan)創(chuang)建,推(tui)進(jin)(jin)標(biao)準園(yuan)由“園(yuan)”到(dao)“區(qu)”、由“產”到(dao)“銷(xiao)”拓展(zhan),在優(you)勢產區(qu)選擇基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)條件好(hao)(hao)(hao)、規(gui)模大的標(biao)準園(yuan),推(tui)進(jin)(jin)規(gui)模化(hua)經(jing)營、標(biao)準化(hua)生產、品牌化(hua)銷(xiao)售,提(ti)升創(chuang)建水平。在支(zhi)持新建標(biao)準園(yuan)基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)上,加強集(ji)中連片標(biao)準化(hua)生產示范(fan)區(qu)建設(she)(she)。繼續做好(hao)(hao)(hao)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)方(fang)城(cheng)市冬(dong)季設(she)(she)施蔬菜(cai)開(kai)發(fa)。在東北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)、西(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)、華北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)選擇冬(dong)春(chun)蔬菜(cai)自給率低、人口多、產業基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)好(hao)(hao)(hao)的城(cheng)市,開(kai)展(zhan)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)方(fang)城(cheng)市冬(dong)季設(she)(she)施蔬菜(cai)開(kai)發(fa)工程,制定設(she)(she)施建造標(biao)準和生產技術(shu)規(gui)范(fan),促進(jin)(jin)設(she)(she)施標(biao)準提(ti)高(gao)(gao)、技術(shu)規(gui)范(fan)提(ti)高(gao)(gao),推(tui)進(jin)(jin)設(she)(she)施蔬菜(cai)規(gui)范(fan)科學發(fa)展(zhan),提(ti)高(gao)(gao)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)方(fang)城(cheng)市冬(dong)季蔬菜(cai)的供給能力(li)。同時加強宣傳,充分發(fa)揮引(yin)導示范(fan)作(zuo)用。
◆14.測土配(pei)方施(shi)肥補助政(zheng)策(ce)
2014年,中(zhong)央財政(zheng)安排測(ce)土配(pei)方施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)專(zhuan)項資(zi)金(jin)7億元,以(yi)配(pei)方肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)推廣和施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)方式轉變(bian)為重(zhong)點(dian),繼續補(bu)充完善取土化(hua)驗(yan)、田(tian)間試(shi)驗(yan)示范(fan)等基礎工作,開展(zhan)測(ce)土配(pei)方施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)手機信息服務試(shi)點(dian)和新型經(jing)營主(zhu)體(ti)示范(fan),創新農(nong)企合作強化(hua)測(ce)土配(pei)方施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)整建制推進,擴大配(pei)方施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)到田(tian)覆蓋范(fan)圍。2014年,農(nong)作物測(ce)土配(pei)方施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)技術(shu)推廣面積達到14億畝(mu);糧食作物配(pei)方施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)面積達到7億畝(mu)以(yi)上;免費為1.9億農(nong)戶提供測(ce)土配(pei)方施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)指導服務,力爭實現示范(fan)區畝(mu)均節本增效30元以(yi)上。
◆15.土壤有機(ji)質提升補助政策(ce)
2014年(nian),中央財政安(an)排(pai)專項資(zi)金8億元(yuan),通過物化(hua)(hua)(hua)和資(zi)金補助等(deng)方(fang)式,調動種(zhong)植大(da)戶、家庭農場、農民(min)合作社等(deng)新(xin)型經營主體和農民(min)的積極性,鼓勵和支(zhi)持其應用土壤(rang)改(gai)(gai)良、地(di)(di)(di)力培(pei)肥(fei)(fei)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu),促(cu)進秸稈(gan)等(deng)有(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)資(zi)源轉化(hua)(hua)(hua)利(li)用,提升(sheng)耕地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)量(liang)。2014年(nian)繼(ji)續(xu)在(zai)適宜地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)推廣(guang)(guang)秸稈(gan)還田腐熟技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)、綠肥(fei)(fei)種(zhong)植技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)和大(da)豆(dou)接種(zhong)根瘤(liu)菌技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu),同時,重(zhong)點在(zai)南方(fang)水稻產區(qu)開(kai)展(zhan)酸化(hua)(hua)(hua)土壤(rang)改(gai)(gai)良培(pei)肥(fei)(fei)綜(zong)合技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)推廣(guang)(guang),在(zai)北方(fang)糧食(shi)產區(qu)開(kai)展(zhan)增(zeng)施有(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)、鹽(yan)堿地(di)(di)(di)嚴重(zhong)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)開(kai)展(zhan)土壤(rang)改(gai)(gai)良培(pei)肥(fei)(fei)綜(zong)合技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)推廣(guang)(guang)。
◆16.做大做強育繁推一體化種子(zi)企(qi)業(ye)支持政(zheng)策(ce)
2014年,農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)部將(jiang)會同(tong)有關部委繼(ji)續加大政策扶持力(li)度,推(tui)進(jin)育(yu)(yu)繁(fan)推(tui)一(yi)體化(hua)(hua)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)做大做強(qiang)。一(yi)是(shi)強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)項(xiang)目(mu)支持。通(tong)過種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)工程等(deng)項(xiang)目(mu),支持育(yu)(yu)繁(fan)推(tui)一(yi)體化(hua)(hua)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)建設(she)育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)創新(xin)(xin)基(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)。推(tui)動(dong)新(xin)(xin)布局(ju)的(de)國(guo)家(jia)和(he)(he)省部級工程技(ji)(ji)術研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究中心、企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)術中心、重點實驗室等(deng)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)技(ji)(ji)術創新(xin)(xin)平(ping)臺優(you)先(xian)向(xiang)(xiang)符合(he)條件的(de)育(yu)(yu)繁(fan)推(tui)一(yi)體化(hua)(hua)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)傾斜。推(tui)動(dong)國(guo)家(jia)相關科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)計劃和(he)(he)專(zhuan)項(xiang)加大對(dui)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)商(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)支持力(li)度。發(fa)揮現(xian)代種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)基(ji)(ji)(ji)金的(de)引導作用(yong),吸引社會、金融資本支持企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)商(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。二是(shi)推(tui)動(dong)科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)資源向(xiang)(xiang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)流動(dong)。推(tui)動(dong)公益(yi)性(xing)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)院所和(he)(he)高(gao)等(deng)院校將(jiang)國(guo)家(jia)撥款形成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)材料(liao)、新(xin)(xin)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)(he)技(ji)(ji)術成(cheng)(cheng)果(guo),申(shen)請品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)權、專(zhuan)利等(deng)知識產權,鼓勵(li)作價到企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)投(tou)資入(ru)(ru)股或(huo)上市交易(yi)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究確定(ding)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)成(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)的(de)機構(gou)和(he)(he)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)人員(yuan)權益(yi)比例,并在部分(fen)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)院所和(he)(he)高(gao)等(deng)院校試點。支持科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)院所和(he)(he)高(gao)等(deng)院校與企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)合(he)作研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究及人才合(he)作。深化(hua)(hua)科(ke)(ke)(ke)企(qi)合(he)作,推(tui)進(jin)國(guo)家(jia)良種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)重大科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)攻(gong)關,構(gou)建產學研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)協(xie)同(tong)創新(xin)(xin)機制(zhi),突破種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質創新(xin)(xin)、品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選育(yu)(yu)等(deng)關鍵環節核心技(ji)(ji)術瓶頸。完善(shan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人才出(chu)國(guo)培養機制(zhi),支持企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)建立(li)(li)院士工作站、博士后科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)工作站。三是(shi)優(you)化(hua)(hua)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)環境。深入(ru)(ru)開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)打假護權專(zhuan)項(xiang)行動(dong),建立(li)(li)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)可追溯管(guan)理信(xin)息(xi)系統(tong),保護農(nong)(nong)民和(he)(he)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)權人合(he)法權益(yi)。加強(qiang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)基(ji)(ji)(ji)礎性(xing)公益(yi)性(xing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究,為企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)商(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)奠定(ding)基(ji)(ji)(ji)礎。加快建立(li)(li)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)審(shen)定(ding)綠(lv)色通(tong)道,做好品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)測試與品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)審(shen)定(ding)的(de)有機銜接。全(quan)面清理現(xian)有行政規(gui)定(ding),打破地(di)方封鎖,推(tui)動(dong)形成(cheng)(cheng)全(quan)國(guo)統(tong)一(yi)開(kai)(kai)放(fang)、競(jing)爭(zheng)有序的(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)大市場。
◆17.農產品(pin)追溯體系建設支(zhi)持政策
近(jin)年來,農(nong)業(ye)部在種植(zhi)、畜牧(mu)、水產(chan)(chan)和(he)(he)農(nong)墾(ken)等(deng)行業(ye)開展(zhan)了(le)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)安全(quan)(quan)追(zhui)(zhui)溯(su)(su)(su)試點,部分省、市也圍(wei)(wei)繞地方(fang)追(zhui)(zhui)溯(su)(su)(su)平臺(tai)建(jian)(jian)設(she)積極(ji)嘗試,取得了(le)一些(xie)經驗和(he)(he)成效。經國(guo)家(jia)發(fa)改委批準,農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)安全(quan)(quan)追(zhui)(zhui)溯(su)(su)(su)體(ti)(ti)系建(jian)(jian)設(she)正(zheng)式納(na)入(ru)《全(quan)(quan)國(guo)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)安全(quan)(quan)檢(jian)驗檢(jian)測體(ti)(ti)系建(jian)(jian)設(she)規劃(2011-2015年)》,總投資4985萬元,專項用(yong)于國(guo)家(jia)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)安全(quan)(quan)追(zhui)(zhui)溯(su)(su)(su)管(guan)理信息(xi)平臺(tai)建(jian)(jian)設(she)和(he)(he)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)安全(quan)(quan)追(zhui)(zhui)溯(su)(su)(su)管(guan)理信息(xi)系統(tong)的(de)統(tong)一開發(fa)。項目建(jian)(jian)設(she)的(de)主(zhu)要目標是基(ji)本實現全(quan)(quan)國(guo)范圍(wei)(wei)“三品(pin)一標”的(de)蔬菜、水果、大米、豬肉(rou)、牛(niu)肉(rou)、雞(ji)肉(rou)和(he)(he)淡(dan)水魚等(deng)7類產(chan)(chan)品(pin)“責任(ren)主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)有備案、生產(chan)(chan)過程有記錄、主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)責任(ren)可(ke)溯(su)(su)(su)源、產(chan)(chan)品(pin)流(liu)向可(ke)追(zhui)(zhui)蹤(zong)、監管(guan)信息(xi)可(ke)共享”。
◆18.農業標準化生產(chan)支持(chi)政(zheng)策(ce)
從(cong)2006年開始(shi),中(zhong)央財(cai)政(zheng)每年安排2500萬財(cai)政(zheng)補(bu)助(zhu)資(zi)金補(bu)助(zhu)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)實施示范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)工作。2014年,中(zhong)央財(cai)政(zheng)繼續安排2340萬財(cai)政(zheng)資(zi)金補(bu)助(zhu)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)實施示范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)工作,在全(quan)國(guo)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)圍(wei)內,依(yi)托“三園兩場”、“三品(pin)一標(biao)(biao)”集(ji)中(zhong)度高的(de)縣(xian)(區)創建農(nong)(nong)業(ye)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)示范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)縣(xian)44個。補(bu)助(zhu)資(zi)金主要用于示范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)品(pin)種生產技術(shu)規程(cheng)等標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)的(de)集(ji)成轉化(hua)和印發(fa)、標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)的(de)宣傳和培訓、核心示范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)區的(de)建設、龍頭企業(ye)和農(nong)(nong)民專業(ye)合作社生產檔(dang)案(an)記錄的(de)建立(li)以及品(pin)牌(pai)培育等工作。
◆19.畜牧良種補貼政策
從2005年(nian)開(kai)始,國(guo)家(jia)實施(shi)畜牧良種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)政(zheng)(zheng)策。2013年(nian)投(tou)入畜牧良種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)資(zi)金12億元(yuan),主要(yao)用于對(dui)項目省養殖場(戶)購(gou)買優質種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)豬(牛(niu)(niu)(niu))精(jing)液或者種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)公(gong)(gong)羊(yang)、牦牛(niu)(niu)(niu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)公(gong)(gong)牛(niu)(niu)(niu)給予(yu)價格補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)。生豬良種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)標(biao)(biao)準為(wei)(wei)每頭能(neng)(neng)(neng)繁母(mu)豬40元(yuan);奶(nai)牛(niu)(niu)(niu)良種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)標(biao)(biao)準為(wei)(wei)荷斯(si)坦牛(niu)(niu)(niu)、娟姍牛(niu)(niu)(niu)、奶(nai)水(shui)牛(niu)(niu)(niu)每頭能(neng)(neng)(neng)繁母(mu)牛(niu)(niu)(niu)30元(yuan),其他品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)每頭能(neng)(neng)(neng)繁母(mu)牛(niu)(niu)(niu)20元(yuan);肉(rou)牛(niu)(niu)(niu)良種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)標(biao)(biao)準為(wei)(wei)每頭能(neng)(neng)(neng)繁母(mu)牛(niu)(niu)(niu)10元(yuan);羊(yang)良種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)標(biao)(biao)準為(wei)(wei)每只種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)公(gong)(gong)羊(yang)800元(yuan);牦牛(niu)(niu)(niu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)公(gong)(gong)牛(niu)(niu)(niu)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)標(biao)(biao)準為(wei)(wei)每頭種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)公(gong)(gong)牛(niu)(niu)(niu)2000元(yuan)。2014年(nian)國(guo)家(jia)將繼續實施(shi)畜牧良種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)政(zheng)(zheng)策。
◆20.畜牧標準化規模養殖(zhi)扶持(chi)政(zheng)策
從2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)開(kai)始,中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)財政(zheng)每年(nian)(nian)(nian)安(an)排(pai)25億(yi)元(yuan)在全(quan)國范圍(wei)內(nei)支持(chi)生豬標(biao)(biao)準化規(gui)(gui)模(mo)養(yang)(yang)殖場(chang)(小(xiao)(xiao)區(qu)(qu))建設;2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)財政(zheng)安(an)排(pai)2億(yi)元(yuan)資(zi)(zi)金支持(chi)奶牛(niu)(niu)標(biao)(biao)準化規(gui)(gui)模(mo)養(yang)(yang)殖小(xiao)(xiao)區(qu)(qu)(場(chang))建設,2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)開(kai)始中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)資(zi)(zi)金增(zeng)加到5億(yi)元(yuan),2013年(nian)(nian)(nian)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)資(zi)(zi)金增(zeng)至10.06億(yi)元(yuan);2012年(nian)(nian)(nian)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)財政(zheng)新增(zeng)1億(yi)元(yuan)支持(chi)內(nei)蒙古、四(si)川(chuan)、西藏(zang)、甘肅、青海、寧夏、新疆(jiang)(jiang)以及(ji)新疆(jiang)(jiang)生產建設兵團肉(rou)牛(niu)(niu)肉(rou)羊標(biao)(biao)準化規(gui)(gui)模(mo)養(yang)(yang)殖場(chang)(小(xiao)(xiao)區(qu)(qu))開(kai)展標(biao)(biao)準化改擴建。支持(chi)資(zi)(zi)金主要用于養(yang)(yang)殖場(chang)(小(xiao)(xiao)區(qu)(qu))水電路改造(zao)、糞污處理、防疫、擠奶、質量(liang)檢(jian)測(ce)等(deng)配(pei)套設施建設等(deng)。2014年(nian)(nian)(nian)國家將(jiang)繼(ji)續支持(chi)畜禽標(biao)(biao)準化規(gui)(gui)模(mo)養(yang)(yang)殖。
◆21.動物(wu)防疫補貼政策(ce)
我國動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)防疫(yi)(yi)(yi)補(bu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)主要(yao)包括以下(xia)4個(ge)方(fang)面:一是(shi)重大(da)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)疫(yi)(yi)(yi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)強制(zhi)免(mian)(mian)疫(yi)(yi)(yi)補(bu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce),國家對(dui)高致(zhi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)性禽流感、口蹄(ti)疫(yi)(yi)(yi)、高致(zhi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)性豬(zhu)藍耳病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、豬(zhu)瘟、小反芻獸疫(yi)(yi)(yi)(限西(xi)藏、新(xin)疆和(he)(he)新(xin)疆生產建設兵(bing)團)等(deng)重大(da)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)疫(yi)(yi)(yi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)實(shi)行(xing)強制(zhi)免(mian)(mian)疫(yi)(yi)(yi)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce);強制(zhi)免(mian)(mian)疫(yi)(yi)(yi)疫(yi)(yi)(yi)苗由(you)(you)省級(ji)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府組織(zhi)招標采購,獸醫(yi)部門逐級(ji)免(mian)(mian)費(fei)(fei)發放給養殖(zhi)場(chang)(戶);疫(yi)(yi)(yi)苗經(jing)費(fei)(fei)由(you)(you)中(zhong)央財(cai)(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)和(he)(he)地方(fang)財(cai)(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)共同(tong)(tong)按比例分(fen)擔(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan),養殖(zhi)場(chang)(戶)無(wu)需支付強制(zhi)免(mian)(mian)疫(yi)(yi)(yi)疫(yi)(yi)(yi)苗費(fei)(fei)用。二是(shi)畜禽疫(yi)(yi)(yi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)撲(pu)殺(sha)補(bu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce),國家對(dui)高致(zhi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)性禽流感、口蹄(ti)疫(yi)(yi)(yi)、高致(zhi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)性豬(zhu)藍耳病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、小反芻獸疫(yi)(yi)(yi)發病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)及同(tong)(tong)群動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)和(he)(he)布病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、結核病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)陽性奶(nai)牛實(shi)施強制(zhi)撲(pu)殺(sha);對(dui)因重大(da)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)疫(yi)(yi)(yi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)撲(pu)殺(sha)畜禽給養殖(zhi)者造(zao)成(cheng)的(de)(de)損失(shi)予以補(bu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),補(bu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)經(jing)費(fei)(fei)由(you)(you)中(zhong)央財(cai)(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)和(he)(he)地方(fang)財(cai)(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)共同(tong)(tong)承擔(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)。三是(shi)基層(ceng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)防疫(yi)(yi)(yi)工作補(bu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce),補(bu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)經(jing)費(fei)(fei)主要(yao)用于對(dui)村級(ji)防疫(yi)(yi)(yi)員(yuan)承擔(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)為畜禽實(shi)施強制(zhi)免(mian)(mian)疫(yi)(yi)(yi)等(deng)基層(ceng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)防疫(yi)(yi)(yi)工作經(jing)費(fei)(fei)的(de)(de)勞務補(bu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),2013年中(zhong)央財(cai)(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)投入7.8億元補(bu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)經(jing)費(fei)(fei)。四是(shi)養殖(zhi)環節病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)死(si)豬(zhu)無(wu)害(hai)化(hua)(hua)處(chu)理(li)補(bu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce),國家對(dui)年出欄生豬(zhu)50頭以上,對(dui)養殖(zhi)環節病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)死(si)豬(zhu)進行(xing)無(wu)害(hai)化(hua)(hua)處(chu)理(li)的(de)(de)生豬(zhu)規(gui)模化(hua)(hua)養殖(zhi)場(chang)(小區(qu)),給予每頭80元的(de)(de)無(wu)害(hai)化(hua)(hua)處(chu)理(li)費(fei)(fei)用補(bu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),補(bu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)經(jing)費(fei)(fei)由(you)(you)中(zhong)央和(he)(he)地方(fang)財(cai)(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)共同(tong)(tong)承擔(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)。2014年,中(zhong)央財(cai)(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)將(jiang)繼(ji)續實(shi)施動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)防疫(yi)(yi)(yi)補(bu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)。
◆22.草原(yuan)生態(tai)保護補(bu)助獎勵(li)政策
為加強草(cao)(cao)(cao)原(yuan)(yuan)生態保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu),保(bao)(bao)障牛羊肉等特色畜產(chan)(chan)品供給,促進牧(mu)(mu)民(min)增(zeng)收,從(cong)2011年起,國(guo)(guo)家在內蒙古、新疆(jiang)(jiang)、西(xi)藏(zang)、青(qing)海、四川、甘肅、寧夏和(he)(he)云南等8個主要草(cao)(cao)(cao)原(yuan)(yuan)牧(mu)(mu)區(qu)(qu)省(區(qu)(qu))和(he)(he)新疆(jiang)(jiang)生產(chan)(chan)建設兵團,全(quan)面建立(li)草(cao)(cao)(cao)原(yuan)(yuan)生態保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)勵機制。內容(rong)主要包(bao)(bao)括:實(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)禁(jin)牧(mu)(mu)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),對生存環境非常(chang)惡(e)劣、草(cao)(cao)(cao)場嚴(yan)重退化、不(bu)宜放牧(mu)(mu)的草(cao)(cao)(cao)原(yuan)(yuan),實(shi)行禁(jin)牧(mu)(mu)封育,中(zhong)央(yang)財政(zheng)按照(zhao)每(mei)(mei)畝(mu)(mu)每(mei)(mei)年6元的測(ce)算標準(zhun)(zhun)對牧(mu)(mu)民(min)給予(yu)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),初(chu)步(bu)確定5年為一個補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)周(zhou)期;實(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)草(cao)(cao)(cao)畜平(ping)衡獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)勵,對禁(jin)牧(mu)(mu)區(qu)(qu)域以外的可利用(yong)草(cao)(cao)(cao)原(yuan)(yuan),在核定合理載畜量(liang)的基礎上,中(zhong)央(yang)財政(zheng)對未超(chao)載的牧(mu)(mu)民(min)按照(zhao)每(mei)(mei)畝(mu)(mu)每(mei)(mei)年1.5元的測(ce)算標準(zhun)(zhun)給予(yu)草(cao)(cao)(cao)畜平(ping)衡獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)勵;給予(yu)牧(mu)(mu)民(min)生產(chan)(chan)性(xing)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)(tie),包(bao)(bao)括畜牧(mu)(mu)良(liang)種(zhong)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)、牧(mu)(mu)草(cao)(cao)(cao)良(liang)種(zhong)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)(每(mei)(mei)年每(mei)(mei)畝(mu)(mu)10元)和(he)(he)每(mei)(mei)戶牧(mu)(mu)民(min)每(mei)(mei)年500元的生產(chan)(chan)資料綜合補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)。2012年,草(cao)(cao)(cao)原(yuan)(yuan)生態保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)勵政(zheng)策(ce)實(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)圍擴大到山西(xi)、河北、黑(hei)龍江、遼寧、吉林等5省和(he)(he)黑(hei)龍江農墾總局(ju)的牧(mu)(mu)區(qu)(qu)半牧(mu)(mu)區(qu)(qu)縣,全(quan)國(guo)(guo)13省(區(qu)(qu))所有牧(mu)(mu)區(qu)(qu)半牧(mu)(mu)區(qu)(qu)縣全(quan)部納(na)入政(zheng)策(ce)實(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)圍內。2013年,國(guo)(guo)家繼續在13個省(區(qu)(qu))實(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)草(cao)(cao)(cao)原(yuan)(yuan)生態保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)勵政(zheng)策(ce),中(zhong)央(yang)財政(zheng)投入補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)資金(jin)159.46億元。2014年,國(guo)(guo)家將繼續在13省(區(qu)(qu))實(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)草(cao)(cao)(cao)原(yuan)(yuan)生態保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)勵政(zheng)策(ce)。
◆23.振(zhen)興奶業支持苜蓿發展政策
為提高我國奶業生(sheng)產(chan)和質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)安全水平,從(cong)2012年(nian)起,農業部(bu)和財(cai)政部(bu)實(shi)施(shi)“振(zhen)興(xing)奶業苜蓿(xu)發展(zhan)行動(dong)”,中央財(cai)政每年(nian)安排3億元支持高產(chan)優質(zhi)(zhi)苜蓿(xu)示范片(pian)區建設,片(pian)區建設以3000畝為一(yi)個(ge)單元,一(yi)次性補貼180萬元(每畝600元),重點(dian)用于推行苜蓿(xu)良種化(hua)、應用標準化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)技(ji)術、改(gai)善生(sheng)產(chan)條(tiao)件和加強苜蓿(xu)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)管理(li)等方面,2014年(nian)將繼續實(shi)施(shi)“振(zhen)興(xing)奶業苜蓿(xu)發展(zhan)行動(dong)”。
◆24.漁業柴油補貼政策(ce)
漁(yu)(yu)業油價補(bu)助(zhu)是黨中(zhong)央(yang)、國務(wu)院出臺的(de)(de)一項重要的(de)(de)支漁(yu)(yu)惠漁(yu)(yu)政策(ce),也(ye)是目前國家對漁(yu)(yu)業最大(da)的(de)(de)一項扶持政策(ce)。根據《漁(yu)(yu)業成品油價格補(bu)助(zhu)專(zhuan)項資金管(guan)理暫行辦法(fa)》規定,漁(yu)(yu)業油價補(bu)助(zhu)對象包(bao)括:符合條件(jian)且依法(fa)從事國內海洋捕撈(lao)、遠洋漁(yu)(yu)業、內陸捕撈(lao)及水產養殖并(bing)使(shi)用機動漁(yu)(yu)船的(de)(de)漁(yu)(yu)民和漁(yu)(yu)業企業。2014年將繼續(xu)實(shi)施這(zhe)項補(bu)貼政策(ce)。
◆25.漁(yu)業資源保護補助(zhu)政策(ce)
2013年落(luo)實漁(yu)業資源保護(hu)與轉產轉業轉移支付項目資金(jin)4億元,其中用于水生生物增(zeng)殖放流30600萬元,海洋牧場(chang)示范區建設9400萬元。2014年該(gai)項目將繼續(xu)實施。
◆26.以船為(wei)家漁(yu)民上岸安居(ju)工(gong)程
2013年(nian)開(kai)始,中央對以(yi)船(chuan)為(wei)家(jia)(jia)漁(yu)(yu)民(min)(min)上岸(an)安居(ju)給(gei)予補助(zhu),無房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)戶、D級危(wei)(wei)(wei)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)戶和(he)(he)臨(lin)時(shi)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)戶戶均補助(zhu)2萬元,C級危(wei)(wei)(wei)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)戶和(he)(he)既有房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)屋(wu)不屬于(yu)(yu)危(wei)(wei)(wei)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)但住(zhu)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面積(ji)狹(xia)小戶戶均補助(zhu)7500元。以(yi)船(chuan)為(wei)家(jia)(jia)漁(yu)(yu)民(min)(min)上岸(an)安居(ju)工程的補助(zhu)對象按長期(qi)作業地(di)確定,2010年(nian)12月31日前登記在(zai)冊的漁(yu)(yu)戶至少滿足以(yi)下條件之一(yi)的可列為(wei)補助(zhu)對象:一(yi)是(shi)(shi)長期(qi)以(yi)漁(yu)(yu)船(chuan)(含居(ju)住(zhu)船(chuan)或兼用船(chuan))為(wei)居(ju)所;二是(shi)(shi)無自有住(zhu)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)或居(ju)住(zhu)危(wei)(wei)(wei)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)、臨(lin)時(shi)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)、住(zhu)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面積(ji)狹(xia)小(人(ren)均面積(ji)低于(yu)(yu)13平方米(mi)),且無法納入現有城鎮住(zhu)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)保(bao)障和(he)(he)農村(cun)危(wei)(wei)(wei)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)改造范圍。以(yi)船(chuan)為(wei)家(jia)(jia)漁(yu)(yu)民(min)(min)上岸(an)安居(ju)工程實(shi)施(shi)期(qi)限2013-2015年(nian),目標(biao)是(shi)(shi)力爭用3年(nian)時(shi)間實(shi)現以(yi)船(chuan)為(wei)家(jia)(jia)漁(yu)(yu)民(min)(min)上岸(an)安居(ju),改善以(yi)船(chuan)為(wei)家(jia)(jia)漁(yu)(yu)民(min)(min)居(ju)住(zhu)條件,推進水域生態環境(jing)保(bao)護。2013年(nian)中央預算內投資安排5億元,補助(zhu)江(jiang)蘇、浙江(jiang)、安徽、山東(dong)、湖北、湖南、廣(guang)東(dong)、廣(guang)西等(deng)8個省區(qu)以(yi)船(chuan)為(wei)家(jia)(jia)漁(yu)(yu)民(min)(min)上岸(an)安居(ju)工程。2014年(nian)國家(jia)(jia)將繼續實(shi)施(shi)這一(yi)政策。
◆27.海洋(yang)漁(yu)船(chuan)更新改(gai)造補助(zhu)政策
自2012年9月(yue)開(kai)始,國(guo)家(jia)安排42億多(duo)元(yuan)用于海洋漁(yu)船更新(xin)改(gai)造(zao)(zao)(zao)。中央投資(zi)按每艘船總投資(zi)的(de)30%上限補(bu)(bu)助(zhu)(zhu),且原則上不超過漁(yu)船投資(zi)補(bu)(bu)助(zhu)(zhu)上限。中央補(bu)(bu)助(zhu)(zhu)投資(zi)要采取先(xian)建(jian)(jian)后補(bu)(bu)的(de)方式,按照建(jian)(jian)造(zao)(zao)(zao)進(jin)度分批(pi)撥(bo)付,不得(de)(de)用于償還拖欠(qian)款,不得(de)(de)用于購買(mai)國(guo)外設備(bei)。國(guo)家(jia)不再批(pi)準建(jian)(jian)造(zao)(zao)(zao)底(di)拖網(wang)、帆(fan)張網(wang)和單(dan)船大型有(you)囊燈光(guang)圍(wei)網(wang)等對資(zi)源破壞強度大的(de)作業船型。享受(shou)國(guo)家(jia)更新(xin)改(gai)造(zao)(zao)(zao)補(bu)(bu)助(zhu)(zhu)政策的(de)遠洋漁(yu)船不得(de)(de)轉回國(guo)內作業;除因船東患病致殘(can)、死亡等特殊(shu)情況外,享受(shou)更新(xin)補(bu)(bu)助(zhu)(zhu)政策的(de)海洋漁(yu)船十年內不得(de)(de)買(mai)賣(mai),賣(mai)出的(de)按國(guo)家(jia)補(bu)(bu)助(zhu)(zhu)比例歸還國(guo)家(jia)。2014年該項目將繼續實(shi)施。
◆28.國家現(xian)代農(nong)業示范區建設支持政策
2014年將繼(ji)續(xu)加(jia)大(da)(da)對(dui)(dui)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)現(xian)代農(nong)業(ye)(ye)示(shi)范(fan)區(qu)的(de)政策扶(fu)持(chi)力(li)(li)(li)度(du),著(zhu)力(li)(li)(li)將示(shi)范(fan)區(qu)打造成為(wei)現(xian)代農(nong)業(ye)(ye)排頭兵和(he)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)改革(ge)試驗田。一是(shi)(shi)認定第(di)二批農(nong)業(ye)(ye)改革(ge)與(yu)建(jian)設(she)(she)試點和(he)第(di)三批國(guo)(guo)家(jia)現(xian)代農(nong)業(ye)(ye)示(shi)范(fan)區(qu),進一步擴大(da)(da)試點范(fan)圍和(he)示(shi)范(fan)區(qu)規模,更好發揮示(shi)范(fan)引領作用。二是(shi)(shi)繼(ji)續(xu)實(shi)施“以獎(jiang)代補(bu)”政策,對(dui)(dui)投入(ru)整(zheng)合力(li)(li)(li)度(du)大(da)(da)、創新舉(ju)措(cuo)實(shi)、合作組(zu)織發展好、主(zhu)導產(chan)業(ye)(ye)提升和(he)農(nong)民增收(shou)(shou)明顯的(de)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)改革(ge)與(yu)建(jian)設(she)(she)試點示(shi)范(fan)區(qu)給予(yu)1000萬元(yuan)左右(you)的(de)獎(jiang)勵。三是(shi)(shi)將中央預(yu)算內專項投資(zi)規模由3億(yi)元(yuan)增加(jia)到4億(yi)元(yuan),加(jia)大(da)(da)對(dui)(dui)示(shi)范(fan)區(qu)旱澇保收(shou)(shou)標準(zhun)農(nong)田建(jian)設(she)(she)的(de)支(zhi)持(chi)力(li)(li)(li)度(du)。四是(shi)(shi)協(xie)調加(jia)大(da)(da)對(dui)(dui)示(shi)范(fan)區(qu)的(de)金(jin)融(rong)支(zhi)持(chi)力(li)(li)(li)度(du),推動示(shi)范(fan)區(qu)健全農(nong)業(ye)(ye)融(rong)資(zi)服務體系,力(li)(li)(li)爭國(guo)(guo)家(jia)開(kai)發銀行(xing)、中國(guo)(guo)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)發展銀行(xing)今年對(dui)(dui)示(shi)范(fan)區(qu)建(jian)設(she)(she)的(de)貸款(kuan)余(yu)額不低于(yu)300億(yi)元(yuan)。
◆29.農(nong)村改(gai)革(ge)試驗區建設(she)支持政(zheng)策
黨的十八(ba)屆三中(zhong)(zhong)全(quan)會(hui)對全(quan)面深化農村(cun)改(gai)(gai)革(ge)(ge)做出了(le)全(quan)面部署,2014年中(zhong)(zhong)央1號(hao)文件對進(jin)一步(bu)做好農村(cun)改(gai)(gai)革(ge)(ge)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)區工作(zuo)提出了(le)明(ming)確要(yao)求(qiu)。2014年的農村(cun)改(gai)(gai)革(ge)(ge)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)區工作(zuo),將緊(jin)緊(jin)圍繞貫徹落實(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)央的部署和要(yao)求(qiu),以啟動第二(er)批農村(cun)改(gai)(gai)革(ge)(ge)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)區和試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)項(xiang)目(mu)、組織召(zhao)開農村(cun)改(gai)(gai)革(ge)(ge)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)區工作(zuo)交流會(hui)、完(wan)成改(gai)(gai)革(ge)(ge)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)項(xiang)目(mu)中(zhong)(zhong)期(qi)評估三大(da)(da)工作(zuo)為重點,充實(shi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)內容,完(wan)善工作(zuo)機制(zhi),加大(da)(da)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)項(xiang)目(mu)組織實(shi)施力(li)度,力(li)爭在體制(zhi)機制(zhi)創(chuang)新(xin)上取得新(xin)突破(po),為新(xin)時期(qi)農村(cun)改(gai)(gai)革(ge)(ge)發展積累(lei)經驗(yan)(yan)、探(tan)索路(lu)子。
◆30.農(nong)產品產地初加工支持(chi)政策(ce)
2013年,中(zhong)央財(cai)政安(an)排5億元轉移支(zhi)付資金,采取“先建(jian)(jian)后(hou)補”方式,按照(zhao)不(bu)超過單個設施平均(jun)建(jian)(jian)設造價30%的(de)(de)標(biao)準實行全(quan)國(guo)統一(yi)定額補助,扶持農(nong)戶和農(nong)民專(zhuan)業合作(zuo)社(she)建(jian)(jian)設馬(ma)鈴薯貯藏窖(jiao)、果(guo)蔬貯藏庫和烘干房等三大類19種規格的(de)(de)農(nong)產(chan)品產(chan)地(di)初加(jia)工(gong)設施。實施區(qu)域為河北、內蒙古、遼寧、吉林、福建(jian)(jian)、河南、湖南、四川、云南、陜西、甘肅、寧夏、新疆等13個省(區(qu))和新疆生產(chan)建(jian)(jian)設兵團(tuan)的(de)(de)197個縣(市、區(qu)、旗(qi)、團(tuan)場)。2014年,將(jiang)繼續組織實施農(nong)產(chan)品產(chan)地(di)初加(jia)工(gong)補助項(xiang)目。
◆31.鮮活農產品(pin)運輸綠色通道政策
為推進全(quan)國(guo)鮮活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)市(shi)場供應,降低(di)流通(tong)費用,全(quan)國(guo)所(suo)有收(shou)費公路(lu)(含收(shou)費的(de)(de)(de)獨立橋梁、隧道(dao))全(quan)部納(na)入鮮活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)“綠(lv)(lv)色通(tong)道(dao)”網(wang)絡范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍(wei),對(dui)(dui)整(zheng)車(che)(che)合(he)法(fa)裝(zhuang)載(zai)(zai)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)鮮活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)免收(shou)車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)通(tong)行(xing)費。納(na)入鮮活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)“綠(lv)(lv)色通(tong)道(dao)”網(wang)絡的(de)(de)(de)公路(lu)收(shou)費站點,要開辟“綠(lv)(lv)色通(tong)道(dao)”專(zhuan)用道(dao)口,設置“綠(lv)(lv)色通(tong)道(dao)”專(zhuan)用標識標志,引導(dao)鮮活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)優(you)先快(kuai)速通(tong)過(guo)。鮮活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍(wei),新鮮蔬菜包括11類(lei)66個(ge)(ge)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)、新鮮水(shui)果包括7類(lei)42個(ge)(ge)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)、鮮活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)水(shui)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)包括8個(ge)(ge)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)、活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)的(de)(de)(de)畜禽包括3類(lei)11個(ge)(ge)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)、新鮮的(de)(de)(de)肉蛋奶包括7個(ge)(ge)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong),以(yi)及馬鈴薯、甘薯(紅薯、白薯、山藥(yao)、芋頭)、鮮玉(yu)米、鮮花生(sheng)。“整(zheng)車(che)(che)合(he)法(fa)裝(zhuang)載(zai)(zai)”認定標準,對(dui)(dui)《鮮活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)目錄(lu)(lu)》范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍(wei)內的(de)(de)(de)不同鮮活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)混裝(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang),認定為整(zheng)車(che)(che)合(he)法(fa)裝(zhuang)載(zai)(zai)鮮活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)。對(dui)(dui)目錄(lu)(lu)范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍(wei)內的(de)(de)(de)鮮活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)與(yu)目錄(lu)(lu)范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍(wei)外的(de)(de)(de)其他(ta)(ta)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)混裝(zhuang),且混裝(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)其他(ta)(ta)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)不超過(guo)車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)核(he)定載(zai)(zai)質量或車(che)(che)廂(xiang)容積20%的(de)(de)(de)車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang),比照整(zheng)車(che)(che)裝(zhuang)載(zai)(zai)鮮活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)執行(xing),對(dui)(dui)超限超載(zai)(zai)幅(fu)度不超過(guo)5%的(de)(de)(de)鮮活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang),比照合(he)法(fa)裝(zhuang)載(zai)(zai)車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)執行(xing)。
◆32.生鮮(xian)農(nong)產品流通環(huan)節(jie)稅費減(jian)免政策
為促(cu)進物(wu)流(liu)業健康(kang)發(fa)展,切實(shi)(shi)減輕物(wu)流(liu)企業稅(shui)收負擔,免征(zheng)(zheng)蔬(shu)(shu)菜(cai)流(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)環(huan)(huan)節增值稅(shui)。蔬(shu)(shu)菜(cai)是(shi)指可作(zuo)副食的草本(ben)、木本(ben)植物(wu),經(jing)挑(tiao)選、清(qing)洗、切分、晾曬、包裝(zhuang)(zhuang)、脫水、冷藏、冷凍等(deng)工(gong)序加工(gong)的蔬(shu)(shu)菜(cai),屬于蔬(shu)(shu)菜(cai)范圍(wei)(wei)。各(ge)種(zhong)蔬(shu)(shu)菜(cai)罐(guan)頭,指蔬(shu)(shu)菜(cai)經(jing)處理、裝(zhuang)(zhuang)罐(guan)、密封(feng)、殺菌或無菌包裝(zhuang)(zhuang)而制(zhi)成的食品(pin)(pin),不屬于所述蔬(shu)(shu)菜(cai)的范圍(wei)(wei)。2013年(nian)1月11日下發(fa)的《國務(wu)院(yuan)辦公廳關于印發(fa)降(jiang)低流(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)費用提(ti)高流(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)效(xiao)率(lv)綜合(he)工(gong)作(zuo)方案的通(tong)(tong)(tong)知》(國辦發(fa)[2013]5號(hao))要求,繼續(xu)對鮮(xian)(xian)活農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)實(shi)(shi)施從生產(chan)到(dao)(dao)消(xiao)費的全環(huan)(huan)節低稅(shui)收政策(ce),將免征(zheng)(zheng)蔬(shu)(shu)菜(cai)流(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)環(huan)(huan)節增值稅(shui)政策(ce)擴大到(dao)(dao)部分鮮(xian)(xian)活肉蛋產(chan)品(pin)(pin)。2014年(nian)國家將繼續(xu)實(shi)(shi)行生鮮(xian)(xian)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)流(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)環(huan)(huan)節稅(shui)費減免政策(ce)。
◆33.農(nong)村(cun)沼氣建設(she)政策
2014年,因地制(zhi)(zhi)宜發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)戶(hu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)氣(qi)和(he)規模(mo)化沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)氣(qi)。在尊重農民意愿和(he)需求的前提(ti)(ti)(ti)下,優先在丘陵(ling)山區、老(lao)少邊(bian)窮和(he)集中供氣(qi)無法覆蓋(gai)的地區,發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)戶(hu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)氣(qi)。支持為(wei)農戶(hu)供氣(qi)的大(da)中型(xing)沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)氣(qi)工(gong)程建(jian)設,鼓(gu)勵農民合作(zuo)社、村委會(hui)和(he)企業(ye)承擔建(jian)設沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)氣(qi)工(gong)程,把開(kai)展(zhan)沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)渣、沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)液(ye)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)為(wei)項(xiang)目立項(xiang)審(shen)核的重要(yao)內容;創新(xin)大(da)中型(xing)沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)氣(qi)工(gong)程建(jian)設機制(zhi)(zhi),建(jian)立產業(ye)化發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)平(ping)臺,引(yin)導社會(hui)力量參與沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)氣(qi)建(jian)設和(he)運營,拓寬沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)氣(qi)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)出口。依(yi)托公益性(農業(ye))行(xing)業(ye)科(ke)技(ji)專項(xiang),加大(da)研發(fa)(fa)攻關力度,加快(kuai)新(xin)工(gong)藝(yi)、新(xin)材料(liao)、新(xin)設備(bei)的更新(xin)換(huan)代,提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)氣(qi)項(xiang)目工(gong)藝(yi)技(ji)術水平(ping)。在有條件地區試(shi)點推廣政府(fu)購(gou)買沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)氣(qi)服務,健全服務體(ti)系(xi),多措并舉提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)氣(qi)服務質(zhi)量和(he)水平(ping)。
◆34.開展農業資源休養生息試點政策
按照國務院有關(guan)部署,目(mu)前,農(nong)(nong)(nong)業部正會同有關(guan)部門(men)編制《農(nong)(nong)(nong)業可持續發展(zhan)規(gui)劃(hua)(2014-2020年)》,同時配合國家(jia)發改(gai)委編制《農(nong)(nong)(nong)業突出環境(jing)(jing)治(zhi)理總(zong)體規(gui)劃(hua)(2014-2018年)》,不斷建立健全農(nong)(nong)(nong)業資(zi)源(yuan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)政策(ce)和(he)(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業生(sheng)態環境(jing)(jing)補償機(ji)制,促進農(nong)(nong)(nong)業環境(jing)(jing)和(he)(he)生(sheng)態改(gai)善。規(gui)劃(hua)中的農(nong)(nong)(nong)業環境(jing)(jing)治(zhi)理措施主要包括(kuo):一(yi)是開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)耕(geng)地(di)重金屬污染治(zhi)理。二是開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業面源(yuan)污染治(zhi)理。三(san)是開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)地(di)表水過度開(kai)(kai)發和(he)(he)地(di)下水超采治(zhi)理。四是開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)新一(yi)輪退耕(geng)還林還草。五是開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)牧交錯帶已墾(ken)草原治(zhi)理。六是開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)東北黑土地(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)。七是開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)濕(shi)地(di)恢(hui)復與保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)。
◆35.開(kai)展村莊人居(ju)環境整治政策(ce)
推進新(xin)一輪農村(cun)(cun)環境(jing)連片(pian)整治(zhi)(zhi),重點治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)農村(cun)(cun)垃(la)圾(ji)和(he)(he)污水。推行(xing)縣域(yu)(yu)農村(cun)(cun)垃(la)圾(ji)和(he)(he)污水治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)的統一規劃、統一建(jian)設、統一管(guan)理(li)(li),有條件的地(di)方推進城鎮垃(la)圾(ji)污水設施(shi)和(he)(he)服務向農村(cun)(cun)延伸。建(jian)立村(cun)(cun)莊保潔制度,推行(xing)垃(la)圾(ji)就地(di)分類減量和(he)(he)資源回收(shou)利用。深(shen)入開展全國城鄉環境(jing)衛生整潔行(xing)動。大力(li)開展生態(tai)清潔型小流域(yu)(yu)建(jian)設,整鄉整村(cun)(cun)推進農村(cun)(cun)河道綜合治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)。
推(tui)進(jin)規模化(hua)畜禽養(yang)(yang)殖區(qu)和居民生活區(qu)的(de)科學(xue)分離,引(yin)導養(yang)(yang)殖業(ye)規模化(hua)發(fa)展,支持(chi)規模化(hua)養(yang)(yang)殖場畜禽糞污綜合治理(li)與(yu)利用(yong)。引(yin)導農(nong)(nong)民開(kai)展秸稈還田和秸稈養(yang)(yang)畜,支持(chi)秸稈能源化(hua)利用(yong)設(she)施(shi)建(jian)(jian)設(she)。逐(zhu)步建(jian)(jian)立(li)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)死亡動物(wu)無(wu)害(hai)化(hua)收集和處(chu)理(li)系統(tong),加快無(wu)害(hai)化(hua)處(chu)理(li)場所建(jian)(jian)設(she)。合理(li)處(chu)置農(nong)(nong)藥包裝物(wu)、農(nong)(nong)膜等(deng)廢棄物(wu),加快廢棄物(wu)回收設(she)施(shi)建(jian)(jian)設(she)。推(tui)進(jin)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)清潔工程,因地(di)制(zhi)宜(yi)發(fa)展規模化(hua)沼氣(qi)和戶(hu)用(yong)沼氣(qi)。推(tui)動農(nong)(nong)村(cun)家(jia)庭改(gai)廁,全面完(wan)成無(wu)害(hai)化(hua)衛生廁所改(gai)造(zao)任務(wu)。適應種養(yang)(yang)大戶(hu)等(deng)新(xin)型(xing)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)經營主(zhu)體規模化(hua)生產的(de)需求,統(tong)籌建(jian)(jian)設(she)晾(liang)曬場、農(nong)(nong)機棚等(deng)生產性公用(yong)設(she)施(shi),整治占(zhan)用(yong)鄉村(cun)道路晾(liang)曬,堆放等(deng)現象。
大力推進農(nong)村土地(di)整(zheng)治,節約集約使用土地(di)。加強村莊(zhuang)公(gong)共空間整(zheng)治,清(qing)理亂堆(dui)亂放,拆(chai)除(chu)違(wei)章(zhang)建筑,疏浚坑塘河道,推進村莊(zhuang)公(gong)共照(zhao)明設(she)施建設(she)。統籌利用閑置土地(di)、現有房屋(wu)及設(she)施等改造建設(she)村莊(zhuang)公(gong)共活(huo)動場所。
◆36.培育新型(xing)職(zhi)業農民政策
2014年,農業(ye)部(bu)將進一步擴(kuo)大(da)新(xin)型(xing)職業(ye)農民(min)培(pei)育(yu)(yu)試點(dian)(dian)工作(zuo),使試點(dian)(dian)縣規模達到(dao)300個(ge)(ge),新(xin)增200個(ge)(ge)試點(dian)(dian)縣,每個(ge)(ge)縣選(xuan)擇2-3個(ge)(ge)主導(dao)產業(ye),重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)面向專業(ye)大(da)戶、家庭農場、農民(min)合作(zuo)社、農業(ye)企業(ye)等新(xin)型(xing)經(jing)營(ying)主體(ti)中的(de)帶頭人(ren)、骨干農民(min)等,圍繞主導(dao)產業(ye)開展從種(zhong)到(dao)收、從生產決策(ce)到(dao)產品營(ying)銷的(de)全過程(cheng)培(pei)訓,重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)探索建立教育(yu)(yu)培(pei)訓、認定管理和扶持政策(ce)三位一體(ti)的(de)制度體(ti)系,吸(xi)引和培(pei)養造就(jiu)大(da)批高素質農業(ye)生產經(jing)營(ying)者,支撐現(xian)代農業(ye)發展,確保農業(ye)發展后(hou)繼(ji)有(you)人(ren)。
◆37.基層農(nong)技推廣體系改革與示范(fan)縣(xian)建設政策(ce)
2014年,中央(yang)財(cai)政安(an)排基層農(nong)技(ji)推(tui)廣體(ti)系改(gai)革與建(jian)設補助項(xiang)目26億元(yuan),基本(ben)覆蓋(gai)全國(guo)農(nong)業(ye)縣(xian)。主要(yao)用于支持項(xiang)目縣(xian)深(shen)化基層農(nong)技(ji)推(tui)廣體(ti)系改(gai)革,完善以“包(bao)村(cun)(cun)聯戶(hu)”為主要(yao)形式的工作機制和“專家+農(nong)業(ye)技(ji)術人(ren)(ren)員+科(ke)技(ji)示(shi)范(fan)戶(hu)+輻射帶(dai)動戶(hu)”的服務(wu)模式,培育(yu)科(ke)技(ji)示(shi)范(fan)戶(hu),實(shi)施農(nong)技(ji)推(tui)廣服務(wu)特崗(gang)計劃,開展農(nong)技(ji)人(ren)(ren)員知識(shi)更新(xin)培訓,建(jian)立(li)健全縣(xian)鄉村(cun)(cun)農(nong)業(ye)科(ke)技(ji)試(shi)驗示(shi)范(fan)網絡,全面推(tui)進農(nong)業(ye)科(ke)技(ji)進村(cun)(cun)入(ru)戶(hu)。
◆38.陽光工程政策
2014年,國(guo)家將(jiang)繼續(xu)組織實施農(nong)村勞動力培(pei)訓(xun)(xun)陽光工(gong)程,以(yi)提升綜合素質和生產經營技能為主要目標,對務農(nong)農(nong)民免費開展(zhan)專(zhuan)項技術培(pei)訓(xun)(xun)、職(zhi)業(ye)技能培(pei)訓(xun)(xun)和系(xi)統(tong)培(pei)訓(xun)(xun)。陽光工(gong)程由各級農(nong)業(ye)主管部門組織實施,農(nong)廣(guang)(guang)校(xiao)、農(nong)技推廣(guang)(guang)機(ji)構(gou)(gou)、農(nong)機(ji)校(xiao)、農(nong)業(ye)職(zhi)業(ye)院校(xiao)及(ji)有條件的培(pei)訓(xun)(xun)機(ji)構(gou)(gou)承擔具體培(pei)訓(xun)(xun)工(gong)作。
◆39.培養農村實用人才(cai)政策
2014年繼(ji)續(xu)(xu)開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用人(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)帶頭人(ren)(ren)和(he)大學生(sheng)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)官示范(fan)培(pei)訓,增選一批農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用人(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)培(pei)訓基(ji)(ji)地(di),依托(tuo)培(pei)訓基(ji)(ji)地(di)舉辦117期示范(fan)培(pei)訓班,通過專家(jia)講課、參觀考察、經驗(yan)交(jiao)流等方式(shi),培(pei)訓8700名(ming)(ming)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)基(ji)(ji)層組織(zhi)負(fu)責人(ren)(ren)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)專業合作社(she)負(fu)責人(ren)(ren)和(he)3000名(ming)(ming)大學生(sheng)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)官,同時帶動各省區市大規模開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)培(pei)訓工作,培(pei)養致富(fu)帶頭人(ren)(ren)和(he)現代農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業經營者。繼(ji)續(xu)(xu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)施農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用人(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)培(pei)養“百(bai)萬中(zhong)專生(sheng)計劃”,改革完善(shan)課程體(ti)(ti)系(xi),提高(gao)辦學水平,提升教學質量,全年實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現10萬人(ren)(ren)以上的(de)招生(sheng)規模,提高(gao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用人(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)學歷層次(ci)。繼(ji)續(xu)(xu)開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用人(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)認(ren)定(ding)試點(dian),明確農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用人(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)的(de)認(ren)定(ding)標(biao)準,探索認(ren)定(ding)與補貼、項目(mu)、資助、土地(di)利(li)用等掛鉤的(de)辦法,提高(gao)認(ren)定(ding)的(de)“含金(jin)量”,構建扶持農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)的(de)政策體(ti)(ti)系(xi)。吸引社(she)會力量扶持農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用人(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)創業興業,組織(zhi)開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)第(di)三批“百(bai)名(ming)(ming)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業科教興村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)杰出帶頭人(ren)(ren)”和(he)第(di)二批“全國(guo)杰出農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用人(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)項目(mu)”評選工作,選拔50名(ming)(ming)左右優秀農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用人(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai),每人(ren)(ren)給(gei)予5萬元的(de)資金(jin)資助。
◆40.加(jia)快推進農業轉移人口市民(min)化政策
十八(ba)屆三(san)中全(quan)(quan)(quan)會(hui)明(ming)確提出要(yao)推(tui)進(jin)農(nong)業(ye)轉(zhuan)移人(ren)(ren)(ren)口(kou)市(shi)民(min)化,逐步(bu)把(ba)(ba)符合(he)條(tiao)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)業(ye)轉(zhuan)移人(ren)(ren)(ren)口(kou)轉(zhuan)為城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)居(ju)(ju)(ju)民(min)。政(zheng)策(ce)措施主(zhu)要(yao)包(bao)括三(san)個(ge)方面:一是加(jia)快戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)籍制(zhi)度改革。建立城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鄉統(tong)一的(de)(de)(de)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)口(kou)登記制(zhi)度,促進(jin)有(you)(you)能力在城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)合(he)法(fa)(fa)穩定就業(ye)和(he)(he)生活(huo)的(de)(de)(de)常(chang)住(zhu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)口(kou)有(you)(you)序(xu)實現市(shi)民(min)化。全(quan)(quan)(quan)面放開建制(zhi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)和(he)(he)小城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)落(luo)(luo)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)限(xian)制(zhi),有(you)(you)序(xu)放開中等城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)落(luo)(luo)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)限(xian)制(zhi),合(he)理確定大(da)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)落(luo)(luo)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)條(tiao)件(jian),嚴格控制(zhi)特大(da)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)口(kou)規(gui)模。鼓勵(li)各地(di)(di)從實際出發制(zhi)定相關政(zheng)策(ce),解決好轄區(qu)內農(nong)業(ye)轉(zhuan)移人(ren)(ren)(ren)口(kou)在本地(di)(di)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)的(de)(de)(de)落(luo)(luo)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)問(wen)題。二是擴大(da)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)基(ji)本公共服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)覆蓋范圍。全(quan)(quan)(quan)面實行流(liu)(liu)動人(ren)(ren)(ren)口(kou)居(ju)(ju)(ju)住(zhu)證(zheng)制(zhi)度,逐步(bu)推(tui)進(jin)居(ju)(ju)(ju)住(zhu)證(zheng)持有(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)享有(you)(you)與居(ju)(ju)(ju)住(zhu)地(di)(di)居(ju)(ju)(ju)民(min)相同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)本公共服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu),保障農(nong)民(min)工同(tong)工同(tong)酬。穩步(bu)推(tui)進(jin)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)基(ji)本公共服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)常(chang)住(zhu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)口(kou)全(quan)(quan)(quan)覆蓋,把(ba)(ba)進(jin)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)落(luo)(luo)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)農(nong)民(min)完(wan)全(quan)(quan)(quan)納入城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)住(zhu)房和(he)(he)社會(hui)保障體(ti)系(xi),在農(nong)村(cun)(cun)參加(jia)的(de)(de)(de)養老保險和(he)(he)醫療保險規(gui)范接入城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)社保體(ti)系(xi)。三(san)是保障農(nong)業(ye)轉(zhuan)移人(ren)(ren)(ren)口(kou)在農(nong)村(cun)(cun)的(de)(de)(de)合(he)法(fa)(fa)權(quan)益。現階段,農(nong)民(min)工落(luo)(luo)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen),是否放棄宅(zhai)基(ji)地(di)(di)和(he)(he)承包(bao)的(de)(de)(de)耕(geng)地(di)(di)、林地(di)(di)、草地(di)(di),必須完(wan)全(quan)(quan)(quan)尊重(zhong)農(nong)民(min)本人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)意(yi)愿,不得強制(zhi)收回或(huo)變(bian)相強制(zhi)收回。國家鼓勵(li)土地(di)(di)承包(bao)經營權(quan)在公開市(shi)場上(shang)流(liu)(liu)轉(zhuan),保障農(nong)民(min)集(ji)體(ti)經濟組織成(cheng)員權(quan)利,保障農(nong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宅(zhai)基(ji)地(di)(di)用益物權(quan)。
◆41.發展新型(xing)農村合作金融(rong)組(zu)織政(zheng)策
2014年,國家(jia)將在管理民(min)主、運行規范、帶動力強的農民(min)合作(zuo)(zuo)社(she)和供銷合作(zuo)(zuo)社(she)基礎(chu)上(shang),培(pei)育發(fa)展(zhan)農村(cun)合作(zuo)(zuo)金(jin)融(rong)(rong),選擇部分地區進行農民(min)合作(zuo)(zuo)社(she)開(kai)展(zhan)信用(yong)合作(zuo)(zuo)試點,豐富農村(cun)地區金(jin)融(rong)(rong)機構類(lei)型。國家(jia)將推進社(she)區性農村(cun)資金(jin)互助(zhu)組織(zhi)(zhi)發(fa)展(zhan),這些組織(zhi)(zhi)必須堅持(chi)社(she)員制、封閉性原則,堅持(chi)不對外吸(xi)儲(chu)放貸、不支(zhi)付固定回報(bao)。國家(jia)還(huan)將進一步完(wan)善對新(xin)型農村(cun)合作(zuo)(zuo)金(jin)融(rong)(rong)組織(zhi)(zhi)的管理體制,明確地方政府(fu)的監管職責,鼓勵地方建(jian)立風險(xian)補(bu)償基金(jin),有(you)效防范金(jin)融(rong)(rong)風險(xian)。
◆42.農(nong)業(ye)保險支持政(zheng)策
目前,中(zhong)央財政提(ti)供農(nong)業保(bao)險保(bao)費(fei)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)的(de)品(pin)種有玉米、水(shui)稻、小麥、棉花、馬鈴薯(shu)、油(you)料作(zuo)物(wu)、糖料作(zuo)物(wu)、能繁母豬(zhu)、奶牛、育肥豬(zhu)、天然橡膠、森林(lin)(lin)、青稞、藏系羊、牦牛等,共計15個。2014年,國家(jia)將進一步(bu)加(jia)大(da)農(nong)業保(bao)險支持力度,提(ti)高(gao)中(zhong)央、省(sheng)級財政對主要(yao)糧(liang)食作(zuo)物(wu)保(bao)險的(de)保(bao)費(fei)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)比例,逐步(bu)減少或(huo)取消產(chan)糧(liang)大(da)縣縣級保(bao)費(fei)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie),不斷(duan)提(ti)高(gao)稻谷、小麥、玉米三大(da)糧(liang)食品(pin)種保(bao)險的(de)覆(fu)蓋(gai)面和風險保(bao)障(zhang)水(shui)平;鼓勵保(bao)險機構開展(zhan)(zhan)特色優勢(shi)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)保(bao)險,有條件的(de)地(di)方提(ti)供保(bao)費(fei)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie),中(zhong)央財政通過以(yi)獎(jiang)代補(bu)(bu)等方式予以(yi)支持;擴大(da)畜產(chan)品(pin)及森林(lin)(lin)保(bao)險范圍和覆(fu)蓋(gai)區域;鼓勵開展(zhan)(zhan)多種形式的(de)互助合作(zuo)保(bao)險。
◆43.村級(ji)公益事(shi)(shi)業一事(shi)(shi)一議財政獎補政策
村(cun)(cun)(cun)級(ji)公(gong)益(yi)(yi)事業(ye)(ye)一(yi)事一(yi)議(yi)財(cai)(cai)(cai)政獎(jiang)(jiang)補(bu),是對(dui)村(cun)(cun)(cun)民(min)一(yi)事一(yi)議(yi)籌資(zi)籌勞建(jian)設項目(mu)進行(xing)獎(jiang)(jiang)勵或者補(bu)助的(de)(de)政策。獎(jiang)(jiang)補(bu)范圍主要(yao)包括農民(min)直(zhi)接受益(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)村(cun)(cun)(cun)內(nei)(nei)小型水利設施(shi)、村(cun)(cun)(cun)內(nei)(nei)道路、田間道路、環衛(wei)設施(shi)、植樹造(zao)林等公(gong)益(yi)(yi)事業(ye)(ye)建(jian)設,優先解決群眾最需要(yao)、見效最快的(de)(de)村(cun)(cun)(cun)內(nei)(nei)道路硬化、村(cun)(cun)(cun)容村(cun)(cun)(cun)貌改(gai)造(zao)等公(gong)益(yi)(yi)事業(ye)(ye)建(jian)設項目(mu)。一(yi)事一(yi)議(yi)財(cai)(cai)(cai)政獎(jiang)(jiang)補(bu)資(zi)金主要(yao)由中央和省級(ji)以及有條(tiao)件的(de)(de)市(shi)、縣財(cai)(cai)(cai)政安排,財(cai)(cai)(cai)政獎(jiang)(jiang)補(bu)既可以是資(zi)金獎(jiang)(jiang)勵,也可以是實物補(bu)助;財(cai)(cai)(cai)政獎(jiang)(jiang)補(bu)堅持普(pu)惠制與特惠制相結(jie)合,獎(jiang)(jiang)補(bu)資(zi)金占(zhan)項目(mu)總投資(zi)的(de)(de)比例(li)可以由各(ge)地結(jie)合實際自主確定。中央財(cai)(cai)(cai)政2013年安排獎(jiang)(jiang)補(bu)資(zi)金238億元,2014年將進一(yi)步健(jian)全村(cun)(cun)(cun)級(ji)公(gong)益(yi)(yi)事業(ye)(ye)財(cai)(cai)(cai)政獎(jiang)(jiang)補(bu)機制,繼續擴大財(cai)(cai)(cai)政獎(jiang)(jiang)補(bu)資(zi)金規(gui)模,促進村(cun)(cun)(cun)級(ji)公(gong)益(yi)(yi)事業(ye)(ye)健(jian)康發展。
◆44.扶持家(jia)庭農(nong)場發展(zhan)政(zheng)策
家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)作為(wei)新型農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)經營(ying)主(zhu)體,以(yi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭(ting)(ting)成員為(wei)主(zhu)要(yao)勞動(dong)(dong)力,以(yi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)經營(ying)收入為(wei)主(zhu)要(yao)收入來源,利用家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭(ting)(ting)承(cheng)包土(tu)地(di)(di)或流(liu)(liu)轉土(tu)地(di)(di),從(cong)事規模化(hua)、集約化(hua)、商品化(hua)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)產,已成為(wei)引領(ling)適度(du)規模經營(ying)、發(fa)展現代農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有生(sheng)力量。2014年2月,農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)部(bu)下發(fa)了《關(guan)于促進(jin)家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)發(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指導意見》,從(cong)工作指導、土(tu)地(di)(di)流(liu)(liu)轉、落實支農(nong)(nong)(nong)惠(hui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)政(zheng)策、強化(hua)社會化(hua)服務、人(ren)才支撐等方面提出了促進(jin)家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)發(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)體扶(fu)持措施。主(zhu)要(yao)包括:建(jian)立家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)檔案(an),開展示范(fan)家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)創建(jian)活動(dong)(dong);引導和鼓(gu)勵(li)家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)通過多種方式穩定(ding)土(tu)地(di)(di)流(liu)(liu)轉關(guan)系;推動(dong)(dong)落實涉農(nong)(nong)(nong)建(jian)設(she)項目(mu)、財政(zheng)補貼(tie)、稅收優(you)惠(hui)、信貸支持、抵押擔保、農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)保險、設(she)施用地(di)(di)等相關(guan)政(zheng)策,幫(bang)助解決(jue)家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)發(fa)展中遇到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)困(kun)難和問(wen)題(ti);支持有條件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)建(jian)設(she)試驗(yan)示范(fan)基地(di)(di),擔任農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)科技示范(fan)戶(hu),參與實施農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)技術推廣項目(mu);加大對家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)經營(ying)者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培訓(xun)力度(du),鼓(gu)勵(li)中高(gao)等學校(xiao)特別是(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)職業(ye)(ye)院校(xiao)畢業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)、新型農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)和農(nong)(nong)(nong)村實用人(ren)才、務工經商返鄉人(ren)員等興辦家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭(ting)(ting)農(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)等。
◆45.扶持農民合作社(she)發展(zhan)政策
黨的(de)(de)(de)(de)十八屆三中(zhong)(zhong)全(quan)會提出,“鼓勵農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)合(he)(he)(he)作經(jing)濟,扶(fu)(fu)持發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)規(gui)模(mo)(mo)化、專業(ye)化、現代化經(jing)營,允(yun)許(xu)財政(zheng)項目(mu)資(zi)金直接投向符(fu)合(he)(he)(he)條件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)(he)作社(she)(she),允(yun)許(xu)財政(zheng)補助形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)產(chan)轉交合(he)(he)(he)作社(she)(she)持有(you)和管護,允(yun)許(xu)合(he)(he)(he)作社(she)(she)開展(zhan)信(xin)(xin)用(yong)合(he)(he)(he)作。”2014年中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)1號文件(jian)進(jin)一步強(qiang)調,“鼓勵發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)專業(ye)合(he)(he)(he)作、股份合(he)(he)(he)作等多(duo)種(zhong)形(xing)(xing)式的(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)合(he)(he)(he)作社(she)(she),引(yin)導規(gui)范運行,著力(li)加強(qiang)能力(li)建設。”對于各種(zhong)形(xing)(xing)式的(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)(he)作社(she)(she),只要(yao)(yao)符(fu)合(he)(he)(he)合(he)(he)(he)作社(she)(she)基(ji)本原則(ze)和服務(wu)成(cheng)(cheng)員的(de)(de)(de)(de)宗旨,符(fu)合(he)(he)(he)有(you)關條件(jian)和要(yao)(yao)求,能讓農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)切實(shi)受益,都(dou)將(jiang)給予(yu)鼓勵和支持。2013年,中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)財政(zheng)扶(fu)(fu)持農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)合(he)(he)(he)作組織發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)資(zi)金規(gui)模(mo)(mo)達18.5億元。目(mu)前農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村土地整理、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)綜合(he)(he)(he)開發(fa)(fa)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)田水利建設、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)技推廣等涉(she)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)項目(mu),都(dou)把合(he)(he)(he)作社(she)(she)作為承(cheng)擔(dan)主體。已有(you)部(bu)分(fen)涉(she)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)項目(mu)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)產(chan)由合(he)(he)(he)作社(she)(she)管護。2014年,除繼續實(shi)行已有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)扶(fu)(fu)持政(zheng)策(ce)外,農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)部(bu)將(jiang)按照中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)統(tong)一部(bu)署和要(yao)(yao)求,配合(he)(he)(he)有(you)關部(bu)門選擇(ze)產(chan)業(ye)基(ji)礎牢、經(jing)營規(gui)模(mo)(mo)大、帶動能力(li)強(qiang)、信(xin)(xin)用(yong)記錄好的(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)(he)作社(she)(she),按照限于成(cheng)(cheng)員內部(bu)、用(yong)于產(chan)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)、吸股不吸儲、分(fen)紅不分(fen)息、風險可掌(zhang)控的(de)(de)(de)(de)原則(ze),穩妥開展(zhan)信(xin)(xin)用(yong)合(he)(he)(he)作試點(dian)。
◆46.發(fa)展多(duo)種形式適度規模經營(ying)政策(ce)
黨的十八屆三(san)中全(quan)會(hui)提出(chu):鼓勵承(cheng)(cheng)包經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)權在公(gong)開市(shi)場(chang)向專業(ye)大戶、家庭農(nong)場(chang)、農(nong)民合作(zuo)社、農(nong)業(ye)企業(ye)流(liu)(liu)(liu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan),發展多種形式(shi)的適(shi)度(du)(du)規(gui)(gui)模(mo)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)。2014年(nian)中央1號文件(jian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)一(yi)步強調,“鼓勵有(you)條件(jian)的農(nong)戶流(liu)(liu)(liu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)承(cheng)(cheng)包土地(di)(di)的經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)權,加(jia)快健全(quan)土地(di)(di)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)權流(liu)(liu)(liu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)市(shi)場(chang),完(wan)善縣鄉村三(san)級服務和(he)管理網絡(luo)。探索建立工商(shang)企業(ye)流(liu)(liu)(liu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)農(nong)業(ye)用(yong)地(di)(di)風險保(bao)障(zhang)制(zhi)度(du)(du),嚴禁農(nong)用(yong)地(di)(di)非農(nong)化。有(you)條件(jian)的地(di)(di)方,可對流(liu)(liu)(liu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)土地(di)(di)給予獎補。”土地(di)(di)流(liu)(liu)(liu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)和(he)適(shi)度(du)(du)規(gui)(gui)模(mo)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)必須從(cong)國(guo)情出(chu)發,要(yao)(yao)尊重農(nong)民意愿,因地(di)(di)制(zhi)宜、循序漸進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin),不能搞(gao)大躍進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin),不能強制(zhi)推(tui)動(dong);要(yao)(yao)與(yu)城(cheng)鎮化進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)程和(he)農(nong)村勞動(dong)力(li)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)移(yi)規(gui)(gui)模(mo)相適(shi)應(ying),與(yu)農(nong)業(ye)科技進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)步和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)手段改進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)程度(du)(du)相適(shi)應(ying),與(yu)農(nong)業(ye)社會(hui)化服務水平(ping)提高相適(shi)應(ying);要(yao)(yao)堅持(chi)農(nong)村土地(di)(di)集體所有(you)權,穩定農(nong)戶承(cheng)(cheng)包權,放活土地(di)(di)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)權,以家庭承(cheng)(cheng)包經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)為(wei)基(ji)礎,推(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)家庭經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)、集體經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)、合作(zuo)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)、企業(ye)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)等多種經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)方式(shi)共同發展;要(yao)(yao)堅持(chi)規(gui)(gui)模(mo)適(shi)度(du)(du),既注重提升土地(di)(di)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)規(gui)(gui)模(mo),又防止土地(di)(di)過度(du)(du)集中,兼顧(gu)公(gong)平(ping)與(yu)效(xiao)率(lv),提高勞動(dong)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)率(lv)、土地(di)(di)產(chan)出(chu)率(lv)和(he)資源利用(yong)率(lv);要(yao)(yao)堅持(chi)市(shi)場(chang)在資源配置中起決定性(xing)作(zuo)用(yong)和(he)更好發揮(hui)政府作(zuo)用(yong),既促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)土地(di)(di)資源有(you)效(xiao)利用(yong),又確保(bao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)有(you)序規(gui)(gui)范,重點支持(chi)發展糧食規(gui)(gui)模(mo)化生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)。
◆47.健全農(nong)業社(she)會化(hua)服務體系政策
2014年中央1號文件提出(chu):健全(quan)農業(ye)社(she)會化(hua)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)體系(xi),采取財政扶持、稅費優惠、信貸(dai)支(zhi)(zhi)持等措施(shi),大力發展主(zhu)體多(duo)元、形(xing)式(shi)多(duo)樣、競爭充分的(de)(de)社(she)會化(hua)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu),推行合作式(shi)、訂單式(shi)、托(tuo)管式(shi)等服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)模式(shi);通過(guo)政府購買(mai)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)等方(fang)式(shi),支(zhi)(zhi)持具(ju)有(you)資(zi)質的(de)(de)經(jing)營性(xing)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)組織(zhi)從事(shi)農業(ye)公益性(xing)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)。根據1號文件的(de)(de)要求(qiu),國家(jia)有(you)關部門將在總結地方(fang)做法經(jing)驗(yan)的(de)(de)基礎上,明確政府購買(mai)社(she)會化(hua)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)具(ju)體內容、衡(heng)量標準和運作方(fang)式(shi),提出(chu)支(zhi)(zhi)持具(ju)有(you)資(zi)質的(de)(de)經(jing)營性(xing)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)組織(zhi)從事(shi)農業(ye)公益性(xing)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)具(ju)體政策措施(shi)。
◆48.完善農(nong)村土(tu)地承(cheng)包(bao)制度政策
完(wan)善農(nong)(nong)村(cun)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)經(jing)營制(zhi)(zhi)度,涉及億萬(wan)農(nong)(nong)民(min)的(de)(de)切身利益(yi),中(zhong)央高度重視,十(shi)八(ba)屆(jie)三(san)中(zhong)全會、中(zhong)央農(nong)(nong)村(cun)工(gong)作會議和(he)今年(nian)中(zhong)央1號文(wen)件(jian),都提(ti)出明確(que)要求(qiu)。十(shi)八(ba)屆(jie)三(san)中(zhong)全會強(qiang)調,“穩定(ding)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)并(bing)保(bao)(bao)持長久不(bu)(bu)變(bian),在(zai)堅持和(he)完(wan)善最嚴格的(de)(de)耕地(di)(di)(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)制(zhi)(zhi)度前提(ti)下,賦予農(nong)(nong)民(min)對承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)占有(you)、使用、收益(yi)、流轉及承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)經(jing)營權(quan)(quan)抵押、擔(dan)保(bao)(bao)權(quan)(quan)能,允許農(nong)(nong)民(min)以承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)經(jing)營權(quan)(quan)入(ru)股發展(zhan)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)產業(ye)化經(jing)營。”2013年(nian),國家選擇了105個縣(市、區(qu)(qu))擴(kuo)大土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)經(jing)營權(quan)(quan)確(que)權(quan)(quan)登(deng)記(ji)(ji)頒(ban)證試點范(fan)圍(wei),圍(wei)繞土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)“長久不(bu)(bu)變(bian)”的(de)(de)具(ju)體(ti)形式進行了深入(ru)研(yan)(yan)究。2014年(nian),將抓緊抓實(shi)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)經(jing)營權(quan)(quan)確(que)權(quan)(quan)登(deng)記(ji)(ji)頒(ban)證工(gong)作,選擇三(san)個省(sheng)作為整省(sheng)推進試點,其他省(sheng)(區(qu)(qu)、市)至少選擇1個整縣推進試點;繼續深化對土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)長久不(bu)(bu)變(bian)及土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)經(jing)營權(quan)(quan)抵押、擔(dan)保(bao)(bao)、入(ru)股等問題的(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)究,按照審慎、穩妥的(de)(de)原則,配合有(you)關(guan)(guan)部(bu)門選擇部(bu)分地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)開展(zhan)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)經(jing)營權(quan)(quan)抵押擔(dan)保(bao)(bao)試點,研(yan)(yan)究提(ti)出具(ju)體(ti)規范(fan)意見,推動修(xiu)訂(ding)相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)法(fa)律法(fa)規。
◆49.推(tui)進農村產權制度(du)改革政策
黨(dang)的十八(ba)屆三中(zhong)全會強調:“賦(fu)予(yu)農(nong)(nong)民(min)更多財產(chan)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利。保障農(nong)(nong)民(min)集(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)經濟(ji)(ji)組(zu)織(zhi)成(cheng)員(yuan)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利,積(ji)極發展農(nong)(nong)民(min)股(gu)(gu)(gu)份合(he)作,賦(fu)予(yu)農(nong)(nong)民(min)對集(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)資產(chan)股(gu)(gu)(gu)份占有(you)(you)、收益、有(you)(you)償退出(chu)及(ji)抵(di)押(ya)、擔(dan)保、繼(ji)承權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)。”2014年中(zhong)央1號文件(jian)提(ti)出(chu):“推動農(nong)(nong)村(cun)集(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)產(chan)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)股(gu)(gu)(gu)份合(he)作制改(gai)革(ge),保障農(nong)(nong)民(min)集(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)經濟(ji)(ji)組(zu)織(zhi)成(cheng)員(yuan)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利,賦(fu)予(yu)農(nong)(nong)民(min)對落實到(dao)戶的集(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)資產(chan)股(gu)(gu)(gu)份占有(you)(you)、收益、有(you)(you)償退出(chu)及(ji)抵(di)押(ya)、擔(dan)保、繼(ji)承權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan),建(jian)(jian)立農(nong)(nong)村(cun)產(chan)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)流轉交易(yi)市(shi)場。”根據1號文件(jian)的要(yao)求,國家(jia)有(you)(you)關部門將深入(ru)研究新型集(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)經濟(ji)(ji)組(zu)織(zhi)主體(ti)地位、產(chan)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)交易(yi)、股(gu)(gu)(gu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的有(you)(you)償退出(chu)和抵(di)押(ya)、擔(dan)保、繼(ji)承等(deng)重大問題,研究提(ti)出(chu)深化改(gai)革(ge)的意(yi)見,明確改(gai)革(ge)的總體(ti)思路、目標任務、工作重點、關鍵環節,建(jian)(jian)立歸屬清晰(xi)、權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)能完整(zheng)、流轉順暢、保護(hu)嚴格(ge)的農(nong)(nong)村(cun)集(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)產(chan)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)制度,有(you)(you)效保障農(nong)(nong)民(min)集(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)經濟(ji)(ji)組(zu)織(zhi)成(cheng)員(yuan)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利。
◆50.農村、農墾危房改造政策
農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)危房(fang)(fang)改造和農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)墾危房(fang)(fang)改造是國家保障性(xing)安居工程的組成部分。農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)危房(fang)(fang)改造于2008年開(kai)始試點,2012年實(shi)現全國農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)地區全覆蓋。2014年國家將繼續(xu)加(jia)大農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)危房(fang)(fang)改造力(li)度,完善政策措(cuo)施,加(jia)快改善廣(guang)大農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)困難群眾住(zhu)房(fang)(fang)條件(jian),計劃完成農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)危房(fang)(fang)改造任務260萬戶左右。
農(nong)墾(ken)危(wei)房(fang)(fang)改(gai)(gai)造(zao)(zao)(zao)2008年(nian)啟動實施,2011年(nian)實施范圍(wei)擴大到全國農(nong)墾(ken),以戶(hu)籍在墾(ken)區(qu)且(qie)居住(zhu)在墾(ken)區(qu)所轄區(qu)域內危(wei)房(fang)(fang)中(zhong)的(de)(de)農(nong)墾(ken)職工(gong)家(jia)庭特別是低收(shou)入困難(nan)家(jia)庭為(wei)主要(yao)扶助對象。截至2013年(nian),國家(jia)累計(ji)安排農(nong)墾(ken)危(wei)房(fang)(fang)改(gai)(gai)造(zao)(zao)(zao)任務163萬戶(hu),下達農(nong)墾(ken)危(wei)房(fang)(fang)改(gai)(gai)造(zao)(zao)(zao)和配(pei)(pei)套(tao)基礎(chu)設施建設中(zhong)央投資150億元(yuan)。2014年(nian)國家(jia)將繼(ji)續實施農(nong)墾(ken)危(wei)房(fang)(fang)改(gai)(gai)造(zao)(zao)(zao)項目,擬按照(zhao)東、中(zhong)、西部墾(ken)區(qu)每戶(hu)補(bu)助6500元(yuan)、7500元(yuan)、9000元(yuan)的(de)(de)標準,改(gai)(gai)造(zao)(zao)(zao)農(nong)墾(ken)危(wei)房(fang)(fang)24萬戶(hu);同時(shi)按照(zhao)中(zhong)央投資每戶(hu)1200元(yuan)的(de)(de)補(bu)助標準,支持建設農(nong)墾(ken)危(wei)房(fang)(fang)改(gai)(gai)造(zao)(zao)(zao)供(gong)暖、供(gong)水等配(pei)(pei)套(tao)基礎(chu)設施建設。