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農業農村部:采取十項舉措推動農業災后恢復生產

時間:2023-08-15     來源:農(nong)業(ye)農(nong)村部(bu)

農(nong)業(ye)農(nong)村部關于(yu)抓(zhua)好洪澇災后恢復生產 奪取全年(nian)糧食和農(nong)業(ye)豐收(shou)的通知(zhi)

各(ge)省(sheng)、自治區、直轄市農(nong)(nong)業(ye)農(nong)(nong)村(農(nong)(nong)牧)、漁業(ye)廳(ting)(局、委),新疆生產建設兵團農(nong)(nong)業(ye)農(nong)(nong)村局:

近期,多個(ge)臺風(feng)登陸(lu)帶來強降雨引發(fa)嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)洪(hong)澇,給華北(bei)、黃(huang)淮(huai)、東北(bei)等局部(bu)(bu)(bu)地(di)區農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)造成嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)影(ying)響(xiang)。黨(dang)中(zhong)央、國務(wu)(wu)院高度(du)重(zhong)(zhong)視(shi),習(xi)近平總書記多次作出(chu)重(zhong)(zhong)要指示批示,強調盡快恢復正常生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)活秩序。國務(wu)(wu)院常務(wu)(wu)會議多次安排部(bu)(bu)(bu)署,對農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)防汛救災(zai)提出(chu)明(ming)確要求(qiu)。今年是貫(guan)徹落實(shi)黨(dang)的二十大精(jing)神的開局之年,確保糧(liang)食(shi)和重(zhong)(zhong)要農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品穩定安全供給意(yi)義重(zhong)(zhong)大。各級(ji)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)村部(bu)(bu)(bu)門務(wu)(wu)必要提高政(zheng)治站位,認真貫(guan)徹落實(shi)黨(dang)中(zhong)央、國務(wu)(wu)院決策部(bu)(bu)(bu)署,把切實(shi)抓(zhua)好災(zai)后農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)恢復、全力奪(duo)取糧(liang)食(shi)和農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)豐(feng)收(shou)作為當前三農(nong)(nong)工(gong)作壓倒性任務(wu)(wu),嚴(yan)格(ge)落實(shi)糧(liang)食(shi)安全黨(dang)政(zheng)同責要求(qiu),采(cai)取超常規舉措,抓(zhua)緊恢復農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan),落細落實(shi)穩定糧(liang)食(shi)和重(zhong)(zhong)要農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)各項措施,堅決打贏(ying)抗災(zai)奪(duo)糧(liang)食(shi)和農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)豐(feng)收(shou)這場(chang)硬(ying)仗。現將有關事項通知(zhi)如下:

一、抓緊搶排田間積水。加(jia)強(qiang)與(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)、應(ying)急等部門協調(diao)配合,統籌用好中(zhong)央(yang)自(zi)然災(zai)害(hai)救(jiu)災(zai)資(zi)金(jin)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)救(jiu)災(zai)資(zi)金(jin)、農(nong)業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)防災(zai)救(jiu)災(zai)資(zi)金(jin)等,跟蹤調(diao)度(du)蓄(xu)滯洪區、行洪區、河流(liu)沿岸等受災(zai)農(nong)田(tian)(tian)面積、水(shui)(shui)(shui)位變化等動態情況(kuang),適時組(zu)織(zhi)有條件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)方(fang)(fang)搶排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)積水(shui)(shui)(shui)。有田(tian)(tian)間排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de),要采取(qu)深挖擴容、清淤除障等疏浚措(cuo)施(shi),加(jia)快順水(shui)(shui)(shui)排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)進度(du)。沒有田(tian)(tian)間排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de),根據排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)條件(jian)和地(di)勢特點,按水(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)挖排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)溝、積水(shui)(shui)(shui)坑,全力(li)搶排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)快排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)。對不(bu)具(ju)備(bei)挖溝條件(jian)的(de)(de)(de),調(diao)配水(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)、電(dian)機等排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)灌設備(bei),組(zu)織(zhi)農(nong)機應(ying)急作(zuo)業(ye)服務隊等力(li)量采取(qu)強(qiang)排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)措(cuo)施(shi),快速排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)除農(nong)田(tian)(tian)積水(shui)(shui)(shui)。華北(bei)地(di)區力(li)爭最晚9月底前完(wan)成(cheng)排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui),盡(jin)量不(bu)影(ying)(ying)響秋冬種;東北(bei)地(di)區力(li)爭在土(tu)壤(rang)上凍前完(wan)成(cheng)排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui),減輕對秋整地(di)和明年春(chun)播(bo)的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)(ying)響。

二、抓好災后田管和改種補種。目(mu)前洪澇災(zai)(zai)情(qing)已基(ji)本(ben)穩定,各地(di)(di)要抓緊對(dui)受(shou)災(zai)(zai)情(qing)況全面摸底(di),組織專(zhuan)家(jia)開(kai)展田(tian)間鑒(jian)定、深入(ru)田(tian)間地(di)(di)頭指(zhi)導農民(min)根據受(shou)災(zai)(zai)情(qing)況科(ke)學開(kai)展生(sheng)(sheng)產自救(jiu)和(he)分(fen)類管(guan)理。對(dui)受(shou)災(zai)(zai)程度(du)較輕(qing)的(de)(de)玉米、大豆等旱地(di)(di)作(zuo)物,天氣放晴后盡(jin)快(kuai)采用無人機(ji)噴(pen)施(shi)葉面肥(fei)(fei)(fei)、殺蟲殺菌劑(ji)、生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)調節劑(ji)等;對(dui)短(duan)期受(shou)淹水稻(dao),及時(shi)(shi)排除(chu)積水,查苗(miao)洗苗(miao)扶苗(miao),噴(pen)施(shi)速效肥(fei)(fei)(fei),促進植株(zhu)恢(hui)復(fu)(fu)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)。對(dui)絕收地(di)(di)塊,逐(zhu)個研(yan)究改種(zhong)(zhong)補種(zhong)(zhong)方案,能(neng)(neng)收青貯的(de)(de)及時(shi)(shi)收割作(zuo)青貯飼料;不(bu)能(neng)(neng)收青貯的(de)(de)及時(shi)(shi)翻耕,調劑(ji)調運救(jiu)災(zai)(zai)種(zhong)(zhong)子、化肥(fei)(fei)(fei)等,抓緊改種(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)育期短(duan)、有市場需求的(de)(de)作(zuo)物;不(bu)能(neng)(neng)改種(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de),退水后及時(shi)(shi)曬(shai)田(tian)散墑,做好(hao)秋(qiu)冬種(zhong)(zhong)和(he)秋(qiu)整地(di)(di)準備。要統籌用好(hao)中央財政農業生(sheng)(sheng)產防災(zai)(zai)救(jiu)災(zai)(zai)資金(jin),支(zhi)持受(shou)災(zai)(zai)農戶盡(jin)快(kuai)恢(hui)復(fu)(fu)生(sheng)(sheng)產,對(dui)糧(liang)食大縣、規模經營主體生(sheng)(sheng)產恢(hui)復(fu)(fu)予以傾斜。

三、加強災后動物疫病防控。受災地區要“一(yi)場一(yi)策(ce)”制定(ding)死亡畜禽和(he)(he)水產品打撈收(shou)(shou)集、無(wu)(wu)害化處(chu)理(li)(li)、環境消殺等任務清單,按照要求嚴(yan)格(ge)做(zuo)好轉(zhuan)運和(he)(he)無(wu)(wu)害化處(chu)理(li)(li),對于腐爛不(bu)能轉(zhuan)運的要按照技術(shu)規范深埋處(chu)理(li)(li),確保應收(shou)(shou)盡(jin)收(shou)(shou)、及(ji)(ji)(ji)時處(chu)理(li)(li)。根據(ju)災區實(shi)際,適時開展(zhan)(zhan)“大(da)(da)清洗大(da)(da)消毒”專項行動(dong),備齊消毒藥品和(he)(he)器械,對養(yang)殖、屠宰、無(wu)(wu)害化處(chu)理(li)(li)場所以及(ji)(ji)(ji)污物(wu)(wu)等開展(zhan)(zhan)全面(mian)(mian)消毒。加強災區動(dong)物(wu)(wu)疫(yi)病監(jian)測(ce),對蓄滯洪區涉及(ji)(ji)(ji)的縣,全面(mian)(mian)開展(zhan)(zhan)疫(yi)情排查(cha),抓好非洲豬瘟(wen)、高致(zhi)病性禽流感、炭疽(ju)等動(dong)物(wu)(wu)疫(yi)病防(fang)(fang)控,及(ji)(ji)(ji)時報(bao)告、規范處(chu)置疫(yi)情。根據(ju)當地實(shi)際開展(zhan)(zhan)緊急(ji)免(mian)疫(yi),構筑有效防(fang)(fang)疫(yi)屏障。加強產地和(he)(he)屠宰環節監(jian)督檢查(cha),嚴(yan)防(fang)(fang)病死畜禽流入(ru)市場。統籌用好動(dong)物(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)疫(yi)補助資金,支持開展(zhan)(zhan)免(mian)疫(yi)、撲殺和(he)(he)無(wu)(wu)害化處(chu)理(li)(li)等動(dong)物(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)疫(yi)工作(zuo)。

四、抓好秋糧中后期田間管理。現在正值(zhi)秋糧作(zuo)物(wu)產(chan)量形成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)關鍵(jian)期,要組織各級(ji)農技人員深(shen)入田間踏查作(zuo)物(wu)長(chang)勢和(he)土壤(rang)墑情(qing),針對今(jin)年作(zuo)物(wu)種植密(mi)度增(zeng)加的(de)實(shi)(shi)際,進一步分類完善中后期田管技術意(yi)見。東(dong)北地區(qu)重點落(luo)實(shi)(shi)“搶積溫、促(cu)早熟(shu)、防(fang)(fang)早霜”措施(shi),黃(huang)淮海地區(qu)重點落(luo)實(shi)(shi)“防(fang)(fang)旱澇、保肥水、提(ti)單(dan)產(chan)”措施(shi),南方地區(qu)重點落(luo)實(shi)(shi)“防(fang)(fang)秋旱、防(fang)(fang)臺(tai)風、防(fang)(fang)寒露風”措施(shi)。統(tong)籌用好規(gui)模糧油(you)種植主體單(dan)產(chan)提(ti)升、綠(lv)色高(gao)產(chan)高(gao)效行(xing)動、社會化(hua)服務等項目(mu)資金,抓緊組織專業化(hua)服務隊開展秋糧“一噴多(duo)促(cu)”作(zuo)業,促(cu)壯(zhuang)苗穩長(chang)、促(cu)災后恢復、促(cu)灌漿成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)。充分發揮整建制單(dan)產(chan)提(ti)升縣示范作(zuo)用,持(chi)續落(luo)實(shi)(shi)落(luo)細關鍵(jian)措施(shi),觀摩(mo)交流、對比反思、總(zong)結提(ti)高(gao)、帶(dai)動大(da)面(mian)積均衡增(zeng)產(chan),力爭非災區(qu)多(duo)增(zeng)產(chan),以豐(feng)補歉,以秋補夏。

五、做好災害防御和病蟲害防治。奪取(qu)秋糧豐收還要過秋旱(han)秋澇、臺風(feng)、霜凍、病蟲害(hai)(hai)(hai)等(deng)多個關口。要繼續組織專家和各(ge)級農技人員深入(ru)主產區,以“防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)旱(han)澇、防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)臺風(feng)、防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)倒(dao)伏(fu)、防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)早(zao)霜”為重(zhong)點,提早(zao)做好防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)范預(yu)案和物資儲備、技術準備,適時(shi)落實防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)災(zai)減(jian)災(zai)措(cuo)施。加強重(zhong)大病蟲害(hai)(hai)(hai)監(jian)測預(yu)警,及(ji)時(shi)發布病蟲情(qing)動態(tai),黃淮海地(di)區重(zhong)點防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)控玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)南方銹病,東北地(di)區重(zhong)點防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)控稻瘟病、玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)大小斑(ban)病、玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)螟,南方地(di)區重(zhong)點防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)控水(shui)稻“兩遷”害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲和二化(hua)螟,用好中央(yang)財政重(zhong)大病蟲害(hai)(hai)(hai)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)控資金(jin),及(ji)時(shi)組織應急防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治和統防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)統治,堅決(jue)遏制暴發流行。

六、搞好蔬菜生產恢復和穩產保供。當(dang)前正值秋季蔬菜(cai)(cai)(cai)育苗定植(zhi)關鍵時期,要壓實“菜(cai)(cai)(cai)籃(lan)子”市長負責制(zhi),統(tong)籌抓(zhua)好(hao)調(diao)劑調(diao)運、生產(chan)(chan)(chan)恢(hui)復、秋冬蔬菜(cai)(cai)(cai)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)銷銜(xian)接等各項工作。受災地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區要抓(zhua)緊做(zuo)好(hao)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)田排澇降(jiang)漬,大(da)棚(peng)(peng)設施(shi)整修加(jia)固,對(dui)長勢(shi)差(cha)、抵抗力弱的蔬菜(cai)(cai)(cai)及時噴施(shi)誘(you)抗劑和殺菌劑,增(zeng)強(qiang)植(zhi)株(zhu)抗病(bing)性;對(dui)因(yin)災絕(jue)收地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)塊及時清理(li)田間(jian)殘株(zhu),騰茬整地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),及時改種補種速生菜(cai)(cai)(cai);大(da)棚(peng)(peng)設施(shi)做(zuo)好(hao)悶(men)棚(peng)(peng)炕地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、土(tu)壤消毒,為下茬生產(chan)(chan)(chan)做(zuo)好(hao)準備(bei);做(zuo)好(hao)應急保供,協調(diao)冬淡蔬菜(cai)(cai)(cai)供應渠道,防止(zhi)出(chu)現(xian)斷檔(dang)脫銷。南菜(cai)(cai)(cai)北運基地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)和北方設施(shi)蔬菜(cai)(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)區要統(tong)籌秋冬蔬菜(cai)(cai)(cai)茬口銜(xian)接,加(jia)強(qiang)育苗場生產(chan)(chan)(chan)調(diao)度(du)和地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區間(jian)調(diao)劑,因(yin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)制(zhi)宜擴大(da)冬季蔬菜(cai)(cai)(cai)生產(chan)(chan)(chan),穩定冬春淡季蔬菜(cai)(cai)(cai)供應。結合災后(hou)重建(jian)統(tong)籌推進現(xian)代設施(shi)農業規(gui)劃實施(shi),運用新裝備(bei)、新技(ji)術、新材料,推動(dong)農業設施(shi)提檔(dang)升級。

七、加快畜禽養殖生產恢復。組織專(zhuan)家制(zhi)定完善災(zai)后(hou)生產恢復和重建技(ji)術方案(an),針對(dui)不(bu)同(tong)受(shou)災(zai)程度、不(bu)同(tong)畜(chu)禽(qin)(qin)飼(si)養(yang)(yang)品種(zhong)(zhong)、不(bu)同(tong)飼(si)養(yang)(yang)模式(shi)開(kai)展分類(lei)指(zhi)導(dao)(dao)。加(jia)快(kuai)修復損毀圈舍和設(she)施,及時清淤除雜,檢修電路設(she)備,開(kai)展飼(si)草料質量安全檢查和飲水消毒,恢復養(yang)(yang)殖條件。做好畜(chu)禽(qin)(qin)補欄,為災(zai)區調配畜(chu)禽(qin)(qin)種(zhong)(zhong)苗(miao)和飼(si)草料,引(yin)導(dao)(dao)受(shou)災(zai)養(yang)(yang)殖戶(hu)發展市場行情好、生產周期短、投資風險(xian)小的短平快(kuai)養(yang)(yang)殖項目(mu),減輕災(zai)害損失。

八、加快水產養殖恢復。盡快修(xiu)復養(yang)(yang)殖池塘(tang)電力,恢復供水供電。及時清(qing)除塘(tang)內(nei)淤泥,封堵加固損毀(hui)池埂堤(di)壩,搶修(xiu)攔魚設施、進排水渠(qu)等(deng),防止再次潰口。池塘(tang)養(yang)(yang)殖要及時查清(qing)塘(tang)內(nei)水產(chan)品數量并(bing)補放魚苗,無法補苗的(de)適時調整養(yang)(yang)殖品種。做好養(yang)(yang)殖水體消毒,堅持早晚巡塘(tang),針對養(yang)(yang)殖魚蝦(xia)應激反應大、抗(kang)病能力降低等(deng)問題,科學精(jing)準飼喂,禁止使用(yong)禁(停(ting))用(yong)藥品。對圍網(wang)及稻田養(yang)(yang)殖及時采取扶樁補樁、雜草清(qing)理等(deng)措施,“沒(mei)頂”區域水位一(yi)旦回落后,抓緊(jin)搶修(xiu)圍網(wang)設施。網(wang)箱養(yang)(yang)殖存(cun)留(liu)水產(chan)品較少的(de)應考慮并(bing)箱,統一(yi)治療(liao)管理受傷水產(chan)品,盡快恢復正常(chang)養(yang)(yang)殖秩序。

九、搞好水毀農田和農村設施修復。因強降雨、山洪暴(bao)發(fa)、泥石流損毀(hui)的(de)農(nong)田,及時(shi)調度機具(ju),組織群眾將積壓砂(sha)石轉出,有條(tiao)件的(de)地方通過(guo)客(ke)土(tu)再(zai)造耕(geng)作層(ceng)。利用高標準農(nong)田建設(she)項(xiang)目(mu)等(deng)資金,優先支持水(shui)(shui)毀(hui)農(nong)田修復(fu),重點用于修復(fu)田間溝渠(qu)、橋(qiao)涵泵(beng)站和機耕(geng)道路(lu)等(deng),恢復(fu)農(nong)業生(sheng)產條(tiao)件。科學(xue)合理(li)利用災后淤泥、農(nong)作物(wu)秸稈等(deng)廢棄物(wu),堆積有機肥,適當配施尿素(su)、生(sheng)物(wu)菌劑(ji),促進有機物(wu)腐熟,盡快恢復(fu)地力。做好受(shou)災地區(qu)農(nong)村基礎設(she)施修復(fu),及時(shi)清理(li)、硬(ying)化村內(nei)道路(lu),退(tui)水(shui)(shui)后做好垃圾(ji)清運、疏(shu)淤清障等(deng)工作,迅速恢復(fu)農(nong)村正(zheng)常生(sheng)活秩序。

十、強化指導服務和支持保障。充分(fen)發揮各級農(nong)(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)(nong)村部門下沉一(yi)線(xian)包片工作機(ji)(ji)制作用,組織機(ji)(ji)關干部和(he)(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)技(ji)人員深入受災(zai)一(yi)線(xian),針對不同(tong)地區、不同(tong)災(zai)情、不同(tong)需求,分(fen)類開展技(ji)術指(zhi)導服務,“一(yi)對一(yi)”提出恢(hui)復(fu)(fu)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的指(zhi)導意見(jian),幫助農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)解(jie)決困難問(wen)題(ti)。搞好(hao)種(zhong)子種(zhong)苗和(he)(he)肥料農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥農(nong)(nong)(nong)資調(diao)劑(ji)調(diao)運,開展抗災(zai)救(jiu)災(zai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)機(ji)(ji)裝備儲備和(he)(he)組織調(diao)度,保障農(nong)(nong)(nong)業恢(hui)復(fu)(fu)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)需要。協調(diao)保險公司勘察定損(sun),及時落實理賠資金;協調(diao)金融機(ji)(ji)構加(jia)大對規模經營(ying)主體信貸支持(chi)力(li)度,增(zeng)強受災(zai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶恢(hui)復(fu)(fu)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)能力(li)。